ArticleJournal of anxiety disorders2022
How does COVID stress vary across the anxiety-related disorders? Assessing factorial invariance and changes in COVID Stress Scale scores during the pandemic.
Article in Journal of anxiety disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Anxiety: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- The Impact of Ageism and Pain on Pandemic-Related Stress in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Modeling and Mediation Analysis.Journal of aging and health · 2026Article
- Mental Health in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review of Collateral Effects on Common Mental Disorders (CMDs).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Co-rumination and intrapersonal cognitive processes predict distress: Longitudinal evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2024Article
- Associations Among Emotion Regulation, COVID Stress, Alcohol Use, and Intimate Partner Aggression Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of family violence · 2024Article
- War-related stress scale.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Intolerance of Uncertainty and Worry Prospectively Predict COVID-19 Anxiety and Distress: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study.Behavior therapy · 2024Article
- Is there evidence for factorial invariance of the COVID Stress Scales? an analysis of North American and cross-cultural populations.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Article
- Financial Toxicity among Patients with Breast Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States.Cancers · 2023Article
- A longitudinal examination of the protective effect of resilience against anxiety among older adults with high COVID-related worry.Cognitive behaviour therapy · 2023Article
- Anxiety Symptoms, COVID-19-Related Stress Reactions in the Italian General Population, and Validation of the Italian COVID Stress Scales (CSS-I).Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Measuring various aspects of coronavirus anxiety: a psychometric evaluation of Pandemic anxiety and Coronophobia scales from the latent and network perspective.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Stress and strain profiles in the German population.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- The Moderating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty in the Relationship Between Health Anxiety and Pandemic-Related Stress.Cognitive therapy and research · 2023Article
- COVID-19 stress syndrome in the German general population: Validation of a German version of the COVID Stress Scales.PloS one · 2023Article
- Associations between trait and state perceived stress and daily moods: COVID-19 stressful experiences as a moderator.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Slovak parents' mental health and socioeconomic changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Determinants of Stress Levels and Behavioral Reactions in Individuals With Affective or Anxiety Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia.Frontiers in sociology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNo studies have examined whether levels of COVID stress vary across anxiety-related disorders. Likewise, no studies have assessed structural invariance of the COVID Stress Scales (CSS) across clinical diagnoses. We sought to address these issues in the present study. Given the dynamic nature of pandemics, we also assessed whether COVID stress changed from the first to third wave in those with clinical diagnoses and those with no mental health conditions.
methodData were collected during COVID-19 from two independent samples of adults assessed about a year apart (early-mid in 2020, N = 6854; and early-mid 2021, N = 5812) recruited from Canada and the United States through an online survey. Participants provided demographic information, indicated the presence of current (i.e., past-year) anxiety-related or mood disorder, and completed the CSS.
resultsThe five CSS were reliable (internally consistent), and the five-factor structure was stable across samples. Scores tended to be highest in people with anxiety-related or mood disorders, particularly panic disorder. As expected, scores fluctuated over time, being higher during the early phases of the pandemic when threat was greatest and lower during the later phases, when vaccines were deployed and the COVID-19 threat was reduced.
conclusionThe findings add to the growing number of studies supporting the psychometric properties of the CSS. The results encourage further investigations into the utility of the scales, such as their ability to detect treatment-related changes in COVID-19-related distress. The scales also show promise for studies of future pandemics or outbreaks because the CSS can be modified, with minor wording changes, to assess distress associated with all kinds of disease outbreaks.
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