ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2023
Bilingual and Monolingual Autistic Toddlers: Language and Social Communication Skills.
Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Large-Scale Study on the Relation Between Multilingualism and Social Traits in Adults With and Without Autism Diagnoses.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Parent-led Communication Therapy for Young Bilingual Autistic Children: A Scoping Review.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- What Is the Impact of Second Language Exposure and Intellectual Disability Status on Executive Function and Functional Communication Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Article
- Bilingualism Predicts Affective Theory of Mind in Autistic Adults.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2024Article
- Effects of bilingual language exposure on toddlers with autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Expressive Language Development in an Autistic Bimodal Bilingual Child: A 10-Year Case Study.Autism & developmental language impairmentsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) express concern about raising their children bilingually, and often hear advice from professionals against the use of bilingualism. The current study examined the relation between bilingualism and the language and social communication skills of toddlers diagnosed with ASD (N = 353) in the US, while controlling for socioeconomic risk factors. Structural equation modeling showed no differences in language skills between bilingual Spanish-English speaking children and monolingual English-speaking (p = .596) or monolingual Spanish-speaking (p = .963) children and showed a bilingual advantage on socialization skills when comparing bilingual and monolingual English-speaking children (p = .001). Parents of autistic children exposed to Spanish and English should be encouraged to raise their child bilingually if it best suits familial needs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
35278166What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.