ReviewAllergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology2022
Intravenous immunoglobulins improve live birth rate among women with underlying immune conditions and recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunoglobulins in recurrent pregnancy loss: Emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Immunological Factors in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Mechanisms, Controversies, and Emerging Therapies.Biology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Immunological Aspects and Treatments of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Recurrent Implantation Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Effect of Exogenous of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 on Pregnancy Outcome in Mice with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss by Persistent Enhancement of Placental Tissue Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression.International journal of fertility & sterility · 2025Article
- Alloimmune Causes of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Cellular Mechanisms and Overview of Therapeutic Approaches.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Functional Roles of lncRNAs in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Review Study.International journal of fertility & sterility · 2023Review
- Accentuated Peripheral Blood NK Cytotoxicity Forms an Unfavorable Background for Embryo Implantation and Gestation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is increasingly used as a treatment for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) despite lack of clear evidence on efficacy. Recent data suggest IVIG might be more effective in a subgroup of women with an aberrant immunological profile. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the effectiveness of IVIG treatment on pregnancy outcome among women with RPL and underlying immunological conditions (e.g., elevated NK cell percentage, elevated Th1/Th2 ratio, diagnosis with autoimmune disorders) was conducted. Eight non-randomized controlled trials, including 478 women (intervention: 284; control: 194), met eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis showed that treatment with IVIG was associated with a two-fold increase in live birth rate (RR 1.98, 95% CI 1.44-2.73, P < 0.0001). The effect of IVIG was particularly marked in the subgroup of studies including patients based on presence of elevated (> 12%) NK-cell percentage (RR 2.32, 95% CI 1.77-3.02, P < 0.0001) and when starting intervention prior to or during cycle of conception (RR 4.47, 95% CI 1.53-13.05, P = 0.006). In conclusion, treatment with IVIG may improve live birth rate in women with RPL and underlying immune conditions. However, these results should be interpreted with caution as studies are limited by low number of participants and the non-randomized design, which represent seriously biases. Future randomized controlled trials in women with RPL and underlying immune conditions are needed before using IVIG in a clinical setting.
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Registered trials
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