ArticlePloS one2022
Influence of pregnancy related anthropometric changes on plantar pressure distribution during gait-A follow-up study.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pregnancy-related transverse arch deformation: a subject-specific finite element analysis of the contributions of body weight and tissue stiffness.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- What do we actually know about the biomechanics of pregnancy and labour? A systematic scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Effect of Clinical Exercise Training on Plantar Pressure, the Subtalar Joint, and the Gait Cycle in Pregnant Women: Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Influence of Gestational Age on Pelvic Floor Muscle Activity, Plantar Contact, and Functional Mobility in High-Risk Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Observational
- Changes in Foot Biomechanics during Pregnancy and Postpartum: Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAs foot constitutes the base of support for the whole body, the pregnancy-related anthropometric changes can result in adaptive plantar pressure alterations. The present study aimed to investigate how pregnancy affects foot loading pattern in gait, and if it is related to body adjustments to growing foetus that occur in the course of pregnancy.
methodsA prospective longitudinal study included 30 women. Three experimental sessions in accordance with the same procedure were carried out in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy. First, the anthropometric measures of the body mass and waist circumference were taken. Then walking trials at a self-selected speed along a ~6-m walkway were registered with the FreeMED force platform (Sensor Medica, Italy). Vertical foot pressure was recorded by the force plate located in the middle of the walkway.
findingsThe correlation of individual foot loading parameters across different trimesters was relatively high. Nevertheless, our results revealed a longitudinal foot arch flattening with the strongest effect in late pregnancy (P = 0.01). The anthropometric characteristics also influenced the foot loading pattern depending on the phase of pregnancy. In particular, arch flattening correlated with the body mass in all trimesters (r≥0.44, P≤0.006) while the medial-lateral loading index correlated only in the first (r = 0.45, P = 0.005) and second (r = 0.36, P = 0.03) trimesters. Waist circumference changes significantly influenced dynamic arch flattening but only in the late pregnancy (r≥0.46, P≤0.004). In the third trimester, a small though significant increase in the right foot angle was observed (P = 0.01).
interpretationThe findings provided the characteristics of the relative foot areas loading throughout pregnancy. Growing abdominal size increases the risk of medial arch flattening, which can result in less stable gait. The observed increase in foot angle in late pregnancy may constitute a strategy to enhance gait stability.
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