ArticleScience advances2022
High shear rate propulsion of acoustic microrobots in complex biological fluids.
Article in Science advances, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed.
- Task-Oriented Biomedical Microrobots: Access, Working Environment, Actuation, Body Design, Detection and Control.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Emergent collective dynamics of microrobotic swarms in viscoelastic media: a computational perspective.The European physical journal. E, Soft matter · 2026Article
- Microrobots for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in the Digestive System: A Review of Actuation Mechanisms, Structural Design, Preclinical and Translational Applications.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Revisiting Colloid Theory for Biomedicine: Reconciling Simple Models in Complex Environments.ACS nano medicine · 2026Article
- Rigid Hollow Microparticles for Enhanced Focused Ultrasound Treatment Under Optoacoustic Guidance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Physical Intelligence in Small-Scale Robots and Machines.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Thermally assisted microbot transport through high-viscosity media.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Engineered Plasmonic and Fluorescent Nanomaterials for Biosensing, Motion, Imaging, and Therapeutic Applications.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Light-driven micro/nanobots.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Micro/nano-robotic medical device: preparation, actuation mechanisms and their applications in medicine.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Transport of Adoptive Cell Transfers With Magnetic Helical Microrobots.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Acoustically powered micro-clampbot for single-particle transportation.Science advances · 2025Article
- A roadmap for next-generation nanomotors.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Surface Rolling Active Magnetic Emulsions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Real-time color flow mapping of ultrasound microrobots.Science advances · 2025Article
- Technology Roadmap of Micro/Nanorobots.ACS nano · 2025Review
- Untethered miniature robots for minimally invasive thrombus treatment: From bench to clinical trials.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2025Review
- μSonic-hand: Biomedical micromanipulation driven by acoustic gas-liquid-solid interactions.Science advances · 2025Article
- Review
- Temperature-Responsive Microrobot for High-Temperature Sensing in Constrained Environments.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Untethered microrobots offer a great promise for localized targeted therapy in hard-to-access spaces in our body. Despite recent advancements, most microrobot propulsion capabilities have been limited to homogenous Newtonian fluids. However, the biological fluids present in our body are heterogeneous and have shear rate-dependent rheological properties, which limit the propulsion of microrobots using conventional designs and actuation methods. We propose an acoustically powered microrobotic system, consisting of a three-dimensionally printed 30-micrometer-diameter hollow body with an oscillatory microbubble, to generate high shear rate fluidic flow for propulsion in complex biofluids. The acoustically induced microstreaming flow leads to distinct surface-slipping and puller-type propulsion modes in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, respectively. We demonstrate efficient propulsion of the microrobots in diverse biological fluids, including in vitro navigation through mucus layers on biologically relevant three-dimensional surfaces. The microrobot design and high shear rate propulsion mechanism discussed herein could open new possibilities to deploy microrobots in complex biofluids toward minimally invasive targeted therapy.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.