ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2022
Hydrolytically Degradable Microgels with Tunable Mechanical Properties Modulate the Host Immune Response.
Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Review
- Synthetic Hydrogels Incorporating Hydrolytic/Nonhydrolytic Macromer Ratios Exhibit Improved Tunability of In Vivo Degradation and Immune Responses.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Practical Guide to the Design of Granular Hydrogels for Customizing Complex Cellular Microenvironments.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Regulating macrophage glucose metabolism homeostasis via mitochondrial rheostats by short fiber-microsphere scaffolds for bone repair.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Measurement and Comparison of Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Mechanics Across Length Scales.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Unlocking Transplant Tolerance with Biomaterials.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Programmed shape transformations in cell-laden granular composites.Science advances · 2025Article
- Granular Hydrogels for Harnessing the Immune Response.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Review
- Macroporous PEG-Alginate Hybrid Double-Network Cryogels with Tunable Degradation Rates Prepared via Radical-Free Cross-Linking for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Article
- Impact of Annealing Chemistry on the Properties and Performance of Microporous Annealed Particle Hydrogels.Biomacromolecules · 2024Article
- Emerging granular hydrogel bioinks to improve biological function in bioprinted constructs.Trends in biotechnology · 2024Review
- Rapid and Facile Light-Based Approach to Fabricate Protease-Degradable Poly(ethylene glycol)-norbornene Microgels for Cell Encapsulation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Modulus-dependent effects on neurogenic, myogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional hydrogel cultures.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2023Article
- Host type 2 immune response to xenogeneic serum components impairs biomaterial-directed osteo-regenerative therapies.Biomaterials · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hydrogel microparticles (microgels) are an attractive approach for therapeutic delivery because of their modularity, injectability, and enhanced integration with the host tissue. Multiple microgel fabrication strategies and chemistries have been implemented, yet manipulation of microgel degradability and its effect on in vivo tissue responses remains underexplored. Here, the authors report a facile method to synthesize microgels crosslinked with ester-containing junctions to afford tunable degradation kinetics. Monodisperse microgels of maleimide-functionalized poly(ethylene-glycol) are generated using droplet microfluidics crosslinked with thiol-terminated, ester-containing molecules. Tunable mechanics are achievable based on the ratio of degradable to nondegradable crosslinkers in the continuous phase. Degradation in an aqueous medium leads to microgel deformation based on swelling and a decrease in elastic modulus. Furthermore, degradation byproducts are cytocompatible and do not cause monocytic cell activation under noninflammatory conditions. These injectable microgels possess time-dependent degradation on the order of weeks in vivo. Lastly, the evaluation of tissue responses in a subcutaneous dorsal pocket shows a dynamic type-1 like immune response to the synthetic microgels, driven by interferon gamma (IFN-γ ) expression, which can be moderated by tuning the degradation properties. Collectively, this study demonstrates the development of a hydrolytic microgel platform that can be adapted to desired host tissue immune responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.