ArticleCureus2022
Herpes Simplex Virus Pneumonia Mimicking Legionella Pneumonia in an Elderly Patient With Heart and Liver Failure.
Article in Cureus, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Article
- A case report of severe systemic herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) infection with multi-organ involvement after a course of oral corticosteroid treatment.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The diagnosis of viral pneumonia is often difficult because of its varied presentations. Regarding the serological diagnosis of viral infections, it is difficult to perform a viral DNA test in general medical facilities, especially in rural settings. Among viral pneumonia cases, herpes simplex virus (HSV) pneumonia can occur in immunocompromised hosts. However, when the clinical course of HSV pneumonia is acute, and the features of pneumonia are not distinct, the diagnosis can be challenging. We report the case of a 69-year-old man who visited the hospital with complaints of dyspnea and cough for two days. Although the patient had no fever and the urine was negative for Legionella antigen, we suspected Legionella pneumonia based on the clinical course, Gram stain of sputum, and CT findings. After undergoing treatment with antibiotics, his condition worsened, with dyspnea and an increase in the demand for oxygen at 5 L. The patient also had complications related to the heart and liver. The sputum culture was negative, and the HSV serum test revealed that HSV IgM level was elevated to 1.16 (reference value: ≤0.80) and IgG level at admission and at follow-up 21 days later was elevated to 28.1 and 60.0 respectively (reference value: ≤2.0); accordingly, the patient was diagnosed with HSV pneumonia. In cases of pneumonia with atypical courses, the coexistence of multiple diseases, and immunosuppression, HSV pneumonia should be included in the differential diagnosis. In rural settings, viral pneumonia should be investigated using antibodies against viruses due to the limited availability of other medical resources. When a patient is judged to be immunosuppressed in the treatment of pneumonia of unknown cause, it is important to consider the possibility of HSV infection and take prompt action. Furthermore, it is essential to consider the possibility of multi-organ failure secondary to HSV infection, which requires systemic management.
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