Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35273054›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2022

Analysis of the relationship between sex and prescriptions for guideline-recommended therapy in peripheral arterial disease, in relation to 1-year all-cause mortality: a primary care cohort study.

Ruth A Benson, Kelvin Okoth, Deepiksana Keerthy, Krishna Gokhale, Nicola J Adderley, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Daniel S Lasserson

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ruth A BensonDepartment of Cancer and Genomics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK ruth.benson@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-5889-4391
Kelvin OkothInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Deepiksana KeerthyInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2193-3988
Krishna GokhaleInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Nicola J AdderleyInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0543-3254
Krishnarajah NirantharakumarInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Daniel S LassersonWarwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
University of Birmingham · GBDudley Group NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversity of Warwick · GB

Funding

Department of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo explore population patterns of sex-based incidence and prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), guideline-directed best medical therapy prescriptions and its relationship with all-cause mortality at 1 year.

designA retrospective cohort study.

settingAnonymised electronic primary care from 787 practices in the UK, or approximately 6.2% of the UK population.

participantsAll registered patients over 40 with a documented diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease. OUTCOME MEASURE: Population incidence and prevalence of PAD by sex. Patterns of guideline-directed therapy, and correlation with all-cause mortality at 1 year (defined as death due to any outcome) in patients with and without an existing diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. Covariates included Charlson comorbidity, sex, age, body mass index, Townsend score of deprivation, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, statin and antiplatelet prescription.

resultsSequential cross-sectional studies from 2010 to 2017 found annual PAD prevalence (12.7-14.3 vs 25.6 per 1000 in men) and incidence were lower in women (11.6-12.4 vs 22.7-26.8 per 10 000 person years in men). Cox proportional hazards models created for PAD patients with and without cardiovascular disease over one full year analysed 25 121 men and 13 480 women, finding that following adjustment for age, women were still less likely to be on a statin (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.66 to 0.72; p<0.001) or antiplatelet (OR: 0.87; 95% CI 0.83 to 0.90; p<0.001). Once fully adjusted for guideline recommended medical therapy, all-cause mortality was similar between women and men (adjusted HR (aHR) 0.95, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.03, p=0.198 for all patients, aHR 1.01, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.16, p=0.860 for those with cardiovascular disease).

conclusionsWomen with a new diagnosis of PAD were not prescribed guideline-directed therapy at the same rate as men. However once adjusted for factors including age, all-cause mortality in men and women was similar.

Indexed as

Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsPeripheral Arterial DiseaseCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePrescriptionsPrimary Health CareProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitorsdrug therapyepidemiologymortalityperipheral vascular diseasesex

Identifiers

PMID35273054
PMCPMC8915354
OpenAlexW4220987575

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.