ArticleBMJ open2022
Risk of pneumonia in asthmatic children using inhaled corticosteroids: a nested case-control study in a birth cohort.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Determinants of pneumonia among adult asthmatic patients attending public hospitals in Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A case control study.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence biomarker detects high-risk childhood asthma subgroup for respiratory infections and exacerbations.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Observational birth cohorts for causal and predictive inference: The example of childhood asthma and allergic diseases.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Efficacy and inflammatory levels (IL-6, IL-10) of adjuvant application of vitamin-A in the treatment of pediatricFrontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are important in asthma management, but there are concerns regarding associated risk of pneumonia. While studies in asthmatic adults have shown inconsistent results, this risk in asthmatic children is unclear.
objectiveOur aim was to determine the association of ICS use with pneumonia risk in asthmatic children.
methodsA nested case-control study was performed in the Mayo Clinic Birth Cohort. Asthmatic children (<18 years) with a physician diagnosis of asthma were identified from electronic medical records of children born at Mayo Clinic from 1997 to 2016 and followed until 31 December 2017. Pneumonia cases defined by Infectious Disease Society of America were 1:1 matched with controls without pneumonia by age, sex and asthma index date. Exposure was defined as ICS prescription at least 90 days prior to pneumonia. Associations of ICS use, type and dose (low, medium and high) with pneumonia risk were analysed using conditional logistic regression.
resultsOf the 2108 asthmatic children eligible for the study (70% mild intermittent and 30% persistent asthma), 312 children developed pneumonia during the study period. ICS use overall was not associated with risk of pneumonia (adjusted OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.41). Poorly controlled asthma was significantly associated with the risk of pneumonia (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.35 to 3.05; p<0.001). No ICS type or dose was associated with risk of pneumonia.
conclusionICS use in asthmatic children was not associated with risk of pneumonia but poorly controlled asthma was. Future asthma studies may need to include pneumonia as a potential outcome of asthma management.
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Registered trials
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