Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35273021›Full record

ArticleEmergency medicine journal : EMJ2022

Tendency to call an ambulance or attend an emergency department for minor or non-urgent problems: a vignette-based population survey in Britain.

Alicia O'Cathain, Rebecca Simpson, Miranda Phillips, Emma Knowles

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Alicia O'CathainSchool of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK a.ocathain@sheffield.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4033-506X
Rebecca SimpsonSchool of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-5938
Miranda PhillipsNatCen Social Research, London, UK.
Emma KnowlesSchool of Health and Related Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3372-1245

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere are concerns about high levels of demand for emergency health services. The aim was to identify the characteristics of the British population with a tendency to contact emergency medical services and EDs for minor or non-urgent problems.

methodsA survey of the British adult population in 2018. Six vignettes were constructed about illness in adults (cough/sore throat or diarrhoea/vomiting), injury in adults (sore rib or back pain) and fever in children (occurring weekday or weekend).

resultsThe response rate was 42%, with 2906 respondents. 11% (319/2716) of respondents selected to contact an ambulance and 43% ED, mainly for the vignettes about fever in children and sore rib. Males, people from ethnic minority communities and older people had a tendency to contact emergency services for minor problems. Tendency to call an ambulance was also characterised by 'low resources' (manual or unskilled occupations, no car, low health literacy), worry that a symptom might be serious, distress (feeling overwhelmed by health problems) and frequent use of EDs. For EDs, there was an attraction to EDs because of availability of tests.

conclusionWhereas use of emergency ambulances for minor or non-urgent problems appeared to be driven by people's lack of resources, including lack of transport, use of EDs appeared to be driven by their attractive characteristic of offering tests quickly.

Indexed as

AmbulancesEmergency Medical ServicesAdultAgedChildEmergency Service, HospitalEthnicityHumansMaleMinority GroupsPainSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited Kingdomhealth service accessibilitypre-hospital careurgent careutilisation

Identifiers

PMID35273021
PMCPMC9132851

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.