SynthesisEuropean journal of pain (London, England)2022
Detection and assessment of postoperative pain in children with cognitive impairment: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of pain (London, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection and assessment of postoperative pain in children with cognitive impairment: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Identification of a different DNA methylation pattern for pain related genes in children with intellectual disability: a cross-sectional study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in 564 Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Project Report.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Experimental Pain Research in Individuals with Intellectual Developmental Disorder: A Scoping Review.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Pain assessment in non-verbal children with neurocognitive impairment: a review on current tools, challenges, and clinical perspectives.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Do we assess all relevant behaviours in children with cognitive impairments using the revised Face, Leg, Cry, Consolability (r-FLACC) Scale? - A Qualitative Study.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Assessment and Management of Pain and Fever in Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Setting: A Proposed Flowchart for the Triage Nurse.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Management of critical care emergencies in children with autism spectrum disorder.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Perioperative neurocognitive disorders: a comprehensive review of terminology, clinical implications, and future research directions.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Methodological quality of 100 recent systematic reviews of health-related outcome measurement instruments: an overview of reviews.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Review
- Timeline of diagnosed pain causes in children with severe neurological impairment.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Prescription Opioid Use for Adolescents With Neurocognitive Disability Undergoing Surgery: A Pilot Study.The Journal of surgical research · 2023Article
- Pain Management in the Most Vulnerable Intellectual Disability: A Review.Pain and therapy · 2023Review
- Long-term Pain Symptomatology in PICU Survivors Aged 8-18 Years.Hospital pediatrics · 2023Article
- Pain research and children and adolescents with severe intellectual disability: ethical challenges and imperatives.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveChildren with cognitive impairment (CI) are at risk of experiencing pain. Several specific pain rating scales have been developed to date. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the degree of reliability of different pain assessment scales for the postoperative pain in children with CI. DATABASES AND DATA TREATMENT: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were approached: all studies validating and/or using pain assessment tool in children (0-20 years) with CI published in English from the 1st of January 2000 to the 1st of January 2022 were included. Only studies reporting the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to evaluate the concordance between caregivers' and external researchers' scores were eligible.
resultsTwelve studies were included (586 children with CI, 60% males; weighted mean age 9.9 years - range 2-20). Five of them evaluated the Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist-Postoperative Version (NCCPC-PV) scale whereas four the original and revised Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale. The analysis showed an overall ICC value of 0.76 (0.74-0.78) for the NCCPC-PV scale, with a high heterogeneity index (I
conclusionsThe NCCPC-PV and FLACC pain rating scales showed the strongest evidence for validity and reliability for assessing postoperative pain in children with CI. However, due to the high heterogeneity of the studies available, these results should not be considered conclusive. SIGNIFICANCE: This review is focused on the assessment of pain in children with CI in the postoperative period. Simplified observation-based pain assessment tools that rely on evaluating non-verbal expressions of pain should be recommended for children with difficulties to communicate their feelings. Even if there is a high degree of heterogeneity in clinical presentations among youth with CI, two tools (NCCPC-PV and FLACC) have emerged as reliable and valid in this population.
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Registered trials
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