ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Evaluating Completeness of Foodborne Outbreak Reporting in the United States, 1998-2019.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrating environmental and health data: insights and lessons from Australia's water monitoring systems.Journal of water and health · 2025Review
- Trends in Burdens of Disease by Transmission Source (USA, 2005-2020) and Hazard Identification for Foods: Focus on Milkborne Disease.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Article
- Gold Nanoparticle-Based Colorimetric Biosensing for Foodborne Pathogen Detection.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Development and Evaluation of a Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for the Multiple Detection and Identification of Pathogens in Fermented Foods.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Assessment of the prevalence, serotype, and antibiotic resistance pattern ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Exploring Risk Factors of Recall-Associated Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in the United States, 2009-2019.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Public health agencies routinely collect time-referenced records to describe and compare foodborne outbreak characteristics. Few studies provide comprehensive metadata to inform researchers of data limitations prior to conducting statistical modeling. We described the completeness of 103 variables for 22,792 outbreaks publicly reported by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (US CDC’s) electronic Foodborne Outbreak Reporting System (eFORS) and National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS). We compared monthly trends of completeness during eFORS (1998−2008) and NORS (2009−2019) reporting periods using segmented time series analyses adjusted for seasonality. We quantified the overall, annual, and monthly completeness as the percentage of outbreaks with blank records per our study period, calendar year, and study month, respectively. We found that outbreaks of unknown genus (n = 7401), Norovirus (n = 6414), Salmonella (n = 2872), Clostridium (n = 944), and multiple genera (n = 779) accounted for 80.77% of all outbreaks. However, crude completeness ranged from 46.06% to 60.19% across the 103 variables assessed. Variables with the lowest crude completeness (ranging 3.32−6.98%) included pathogen, specimen etiological testing, and secondary transmission traceback information. Variables with low (<35%) average monthly completeness during eFORS increased by 0.33−0.40%/month after transitioning to NORS, most likely due to the expansion of surveillance capacity and coverage within the new reporting system. Examining completeness metrics in outbreak surveillance systems provides essential information on the availability of data for public reuse. These metadata offer important insights for public health statisticians and modelers to precisely monitor and track the geographic spread, event duration, and illness intensity of foodborne outbreaks.
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