Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35270568›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

An Intelligent System for Proper Management and Disposal of Unused and Expired Medications.

Haneen Banjar, Rahaf Alrowithi, Sara Alhadrami, Esraa Magrabi, Reema Munshi, Mayda Alrige

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Assessment of knowledge and awareness of safe disposal of unused or expired medication in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Haneen BanjarComputer Science Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80221, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-4475-4878
Rahaf AlrowithiComputer Science Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80221, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Sara AlhadramiComputer Science Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80221, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Esraa MagrabiComputer Science Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80221, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Reema MunshiClinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm al-Qura University, Makkah 21961, Saudi Arabia.
Mayda AlrigeInformation System Department, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-1315-7053
King Abdulaziz University · SAUmm al-Qura University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For years, several countries have been concerned about how to dispose of unused pharmaceuticals that can endanger human health and the environment. Moreover, some people are in desperate need of medical attention and medications, but they lack the financial resources to obtain them. In Saudi Arabia, there are no take-back medicine programs, and there is no published research on how medications properly are disposed. The aim of this research is to use the power of artificial intelligence to assist in the proper management and disposal of expired and unused medications and to develop a prototype device for collecting medication by automatically classifying medications for proper disposal and donation. In this research, artificial intelligence technologies such as web-based expert systems, image recognition and classification algorithms, chatbots, and the internet of things are used to assist in a take-back medications program. In conclusion, the prototype design of a web-based expert system and the device reduced improper disposal risks by providing significant advice on the safe disposal of unwanted pharmaceuticals. By using an organized method of collecting expired medications, the benefits were made possible.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceRefuse DisposalAlgorithmsHumansPharmaceutical PreparationsRecognition, PsychologySaudi ArabiaPharmaceutical Preparationschatbotdisposal of medicationdonation deviceimage classificationtake-back medication programweb-based expert system

Identifiers

PMID35270568
PMCPMC8910225
OpenAlexW4214925866

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.