ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Challenges of the Immunotherapy: Perspectives and Limitations of the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of microbiome-modulating strategies in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy (MSIT): A systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Enhanced anti-tumor effects of Imatinib and immune checkpoint inhibitors on gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells (GISTs): insights from monoculture and 3D co-culture models.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Navigating toxicity in lung cancer immunotherapy: challenges and advances in Nano medicine drug delivery.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- β-Adrenergic receptors as immunomodulators in T cells: mechanisms of neuroimmune crosstalk and pathophysiological implications.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Metformin enhances survival with immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients: A meta-analysis.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Biopharmaceuticals for Cancer Treatment: An Update.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Recurrent Immunogenic Neoantigens and Their Cognate T-cell Receptors in Treatment-Resistant Metastatic Prostate Cancer.Cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Bayesian multi-cell type models for the analysis of complex immune cell populations with application to ovarian cancer.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Extrachromosomal DNA in Solid Tumors-Landscape, Immune Effects, and Resistance to Targeted Therapy.Oncology research · 2026Review
- From immune exclusion to exhaustion: tumor microenvironment drives therapy response.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Recent advances in drug repurposing for cancer immunomodulation emerging strategies, mechanistic insights, and clinical translation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Modeling immunotherapies in live 3D human cancer tissue bioreactors.Theranostics · 2026Article
- AttenuatedActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Dual MAO A and HSP90 inhibitors enhance anti-PD-1 therapy and suppress colorectal cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Phage therapy and the microbiome in hematologic malignancies: opportunities, mechanisms, and early evidence.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- CTLA4 genetic variants influence immune regulation and susceptibility of HPV associated cervical cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Modelling the metastatic immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Synergy between photonics and biological approaches-A review of combination therapies for cancer theranostics.APL bioengineering · 2025Review
- DHCR7 as a Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker in Human Pan-Cancer: A Comprehensive Evaluation.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Intravenous iRGD-Guided, RBC-Membrane Camouflaged Lactococcus Lactis Remodels Cold NSCLC and Enhances PD-1 Blockade.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a quickly developing type of treatment and the future of therapy in oncology. This paper is a review of recent findings in the field of immunotherapy with an emphasis on immune checkpoint inhibitors. The challenges that immunotherapy might face in near future, such as primary and acquired resistance and the irAEs, are described in this article, as well as the perspectives such as identification of environmental modifiers of immunity and development of anti-cancer vaccines and combined therapies. There are multiple factors that may be responsible for immunoresistance, such as genomic factors, factors related to the immune system cells or to the cancer microenvironment, factors emerging from the host cells, as well as other factors such as advanced age, biological sex, diet, many hormones, existing comorbidities, and the gut microbiome.
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Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.