ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2022
Use of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound of the Testes after Non-Surgical Sterilization of Male Dogs with CaCl
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feeding and Husbandry Practices in Pet Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo): A Cross-Sectional International Study.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Use of Pentoxifylline to Improve Seminal Parameters in Dogs.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- A Comparative Analysis of Intratesticular Versus Intra-Epididymal Injections of Clove Essential Oil on Male Dog Sterilization.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Multiparametric ultrasound (MPUS) evaluation of the testes of normozoospermic dogs - a pilot study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Heat stress on sperm quality in dogs: effect of natural antioxidant supplementation.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Effects of heat stress on oxidative balance and sperm quality in dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) in Imaging of the Reproductive System in Dogs: A Literature Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Analgesic comparison between topical irrigation (splash block) versus injection of lidocaine on the ovarian pedicle in canine ovariectomy.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
- The ultrasound-guided funicular block in cats undergoing orchiectomy: ropivacaine injection into the spermatic cord to improve intra and postoperative analgesia.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Effect ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sterilization by intratesticular injection of chemical agents is a non-surgical alternative to neutering male companion animals. We used contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to monitor vascular alterations to testes immediately after the intratesticular injection of CaCL2 in alcohol. We evaluated the CEUS features of normal and damaged testes in 20 dogs after the intratesticular injection of CaCl2. The CEUS evaluation was performed at the site of the chemical agent inoculation. In treated testes, qualitative CEUS showed a lower intensity enhancement of the parenchyma than pre-treatment normal testes with a predominantly anechoic pattern and only a few hyperechoic vascular focal spots. Quantitative CEUS showed significantly lower values of time-intensity curve (TIC) parameters, including signal intensity (Peak: 4.72 ± 2.1), regional blood volume (RBV: 134.3 ± 63.7), and regional blood flow (RBF: 4.36 ± 2.18) than normal testes (p < 0.001). Sonographic findings from CEUS showed hypovascularization of the canine testicular parenchyma caused by the hardening agent. This diagnostic technique helps clinicians define testicular vascular alterations achieved by chemical castration more efficiently. Nevertheless, more studies are required to apply this methodology to more subjects with a broader weight range and stray dogs.
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