ArticleNutrients2022
Reduced Kidney Function Is Associated with Increasing Red Blood Cell Folate Concentration and Changes in Folate Form Distributions (NHANES 2011-2018).
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Folate Forms Show Dose-Dependent Increases in Nonpregnant Ethiopian Women of Reproductive Age Participating in a Randomized Controlled Trial with Double-Fortified Salt Containing Iodine and Folic Acid.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Prediabetes, diabetes, and folate status among United States women of reproductive age: NHANES 2011-March 2020.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- One-carbon metabolism-related compounds are associated with epigenetic aging biomarkers: results from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Cross-Sectional Associations between Clinical Biochemistry and Nutritional Biomarkers and Sarcopenic Indices of Skeletal Muscle in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Association between RBC folate and diabetic nephropathy in Type2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Distribution and correlates of plasma folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine in a sample of low-income minority children aged 6 months to 9 years in the U.S.Precision nutrition · 2024Article
- Folate and vitamin B12 usual intake and biomarker status by intake source in United States adults aged ≥19 y: NHANES 2007-2018.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- Estimating the serum folate concentration that corresponds to the red blood cell folate concentration threshold associated with optimal neural tube defects prevention: A population-based biomarker survey in Southern India.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- Folic Acid and the Prevention of Birth Defects: 30 Years of Opportunity and Controversies.Annual review of nutrition · 2022Review
- Complete genome analysis ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Current studies examining the effects of high concentrations of red blood cell (RBC) or serum folates assume that high folate concentrations are an indicator of high folic acid intakes, often ignoring the contributions of other homeostatic and biological processes, such as kidney function. Objective: The current study examined the relative contributions of declining kidney function, as measured by the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and usual total folic acid intake on the concentrations of RBC folate and serum folate (total as well as individual folate forms). Design: Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected in 2-year cycles were combined from 2011 to 2018. A total of 18,127 participants aged ≥16 years with available folate measures, kidney biomarker data (operationalized as a categorical CKD risk variable describing the risk of progression), and reliable dietary recall data were analyzed. Results: RBC folate concentrations increased as CKD risk increased: low risk, 1089 (95% CI: 1069, 1110) nmol/L; moderate risk, 1189 (95% CI: 1158, 1220) nmol/L; high risk, 1488 (95% CI: 1419, 1561) nmol/L; and highest risk, 1443 (95% CI: 1302, 1598) nmol/L (p < 0.0001). Similarly, serum total folate concentrations increased as CKD risk increased: low risk: 37.1 (95% CI: 26.3, 38.0) nmol/L; moderate risk: 40.2 (95% CI: 38.8, 41.7) nmol/L; high risk: 48.0 (95% CI: 44.3, 52.1) nmol/L; the highest Risk: 42.8 (95% CI: 37.8, 48.4) nmol/L (p < 0.0001). The modeled usual intake of folic acid showed no difference among CKD risk groups, with a population median of 225 (interquartile range: 108−390) µg/day. Conclusion: Both RBC and serum folate concentrations increased with declining kidney function without increased folic acid intake. When analyzing associations between folate concentrations and disease outcomes, researchers may want to consider the confounding role of kidney function.
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