ArticleCancers2022
Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) Upregulation through Promoter Hypomethylation Enhances Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Molecular Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management.MedComm · 2026Review
- Genome-wide extraction of differentially methylated DNA regions using adapter-anchored proximity primers.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Exploring the prognostic value and biomarker of TEX11 in breast cancer via PANoptosis.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- DNA methylation biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment management of breast cancer: where are we now?Epigenomics · 2025Review
- Human papillomavirus-related syntaxin 11 reprograms tumor-associated macrophages to induce breast cancer cell apoptosis via PI3K/AKT signaling.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Oncogenic role of fumarate hydratase in breast cancer: metabolic reprogramming and mechanistic insights.Cancer & metabolism · 2025Article
- MMP1-induced NF-κB activation promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and sacituzumab govitecan resistance in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Review
- Hsa_circ_0001859 promotes NSCLC progression through the miRNA-101-3p/MMP1 axis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Advancing breast cancer biomarkers: a centromere-related gene signature integrated with single-cell analysis for prognostic prediction.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Crosstalk of methylation and tamoxifen in breast cancer (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- Hypomethylation-associated Sox11 upregulation promotes oncogenesis via the PI3K/AKT pathway in OLP-associated OSCC.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals upregulated extracellular matrix hub genes in pancreatic cancer: Implications for diagnosis, prognosis, immune infiltration, and therapeutic strategies.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Deciphering the role of wound healing genes in skin cutaneous melanoma: Insights into expression, methylation, mutations, and therapeutic implications.International wound journal · 2024Article
- Epigenetic regulation in cancer.MedComm · 2024Review
- Targeting extracellular matrix stiffness for cancer therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The Mechanism of DNA Methylation and miRNA in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Immune system and tumor microenvironment in early-stage breast cancer: different mechanisms for early recurrence after mastectomy and chemotherapy on ductal and lobular types.F1000Research · 2023Article
- Matrix metalloproteinases as therapeutic targets in breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- RUNX2 facilitates aggressiveness and chemoresistance of triple negative breast cancer cellsFrontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTamoxifen (tam) is widely used to treat estrogen-positive breast cancer. However, cancer recurrence after chemotherapy remains a major obstacle to achieve good patient prognoses. In this study, we aimed to identify genes responsible for epigenetic regulation of tam resistance in breast cancer.
methodsMethylation microarray data were analyzed to screen highly hypomethylated genes in tam resistant (tamR) breast cancer cells. Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemical staining were used to quantify expression levels of genes in cultured cells and cancer tissues. Effects of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) expression on cancer cell growth and drug resistance were examined through colony formation assays and flow cytometry. Xenografted mice were generated to investigate the effects of MMP1 on drug resistance in vivo.
resultsMMP1 was found to be hypomethylated and overexpressed in tamR MCF-7 (MCF-7/tamR) cells and in tamR breast cancer tissues. Methylation was found to be inversely associated with MMP1 expression level in breast cancer tissues, and patients with lower MMP1 expression exhibited a better prognosis for survival. Downregulating MMP1 using shRNA induced tam sensitivity in MCF-7/tamR cells along with increased apoptosis. The xenografted MCF-7/tamR cells that stably expressed short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against MMP1 exhibited retarded tumor growth compared to that in cells expressing the control shRNA, which was further suppressed by tam.
conclusionsMMP1 can be upregulated through promoter hypomethylation in tamR breast cancer, functioning as a resistance driver gene. MMP1 can be a potential target to suppress tamR to achieve better prognoses of breast cancer patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.