ArticleDisease markers2022
The Correlation of HK2 Gene Expression with the Occurrence, Immune Cell Infiltration, and Prognosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Article in Disease markers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glycolysis in the tumor microenvironment shapes dendritic cell function and antitumor immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Obesity-driven metabolic reprogramming and immune dysfunction in renal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Single-Cell RNA-Seq Revealed the Immune Microenvironment Reprogramming by Dexmedetomidine Treatment in Ischemic Stroke.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Diagnostic, predictive and prognostic molecular biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: A retrospective study.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Review
- Targeting hexokinase 2 to enhance anticancer efficacy of trichosanthin in HeLa and SCC25 cell models.ADMET & DMPK · 2024Article
- ErbB2-upregulated HK1 and HK2 promote breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Article
- Metabolic reprogramming of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Hexokinase 2 (HK2) is one of the key factors involved in the development of several human cancers. However, its role in immune cell infiltration (ICI) and tumor development in renal cell carcinoma is not yet known. Thus, we aimed to explore its relationship with ICI, overall survival, and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. Methods: In this study, RNA-seq data from renal cancer and normal tissues were extracted from TCGA and the relationship between HK2 expression and pathological features of RCC patients was analyzed using the GEPIA and UALCAN databases. Subsequently, Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to analyze the protein and mRNA expression of HK2 in renal cell carcinoma tissues and cell lines. Lastly, various bioinformatics tools were applied to determine the immune cell infiltration, survival, and developing prediction model. Results: The analysis of RNA-seq data revealed a high expression of HK2 in renal cell carcinoma; furthermore, Western blot and qRT-PCR also showed high expression of HK2 in renal cancer tissues and cell lines. The high expression of HK2 showed a significant positive correlation with the advanced stage of the tumor, lymph node metastasis, and worst survival in renal carcinoma patients. The high expression of HK2 was further identified as an independent risk factor of RCC patients; it also showed a significant positive immune cell infiltration RCC tumor microenvironment including macrophages, B cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and CD8 Conclusion: the expression of HK2 is positively correlated with the immune cell infiltration and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma patients, thus playing an important role in renal cancer development.
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