ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2022
Insight Into the Effects of Clinical Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Brain From Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies: A Narrative Review.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of Neuromodulation Techniques in Depression Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for Alzheimer's disease: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Cortical and subcortical microstructure integrity changes after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy in cocaine use disorder and relates to clinical outcomes.Addiction biology · 2024Trial
- Effects of Hyperdirect Pathway Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Inhibitory Control, Craving, and Smoking in Adults With Nicotine Dependence: A Double-Blind, Randomized Crossover Trial.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2023Trial
- Efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in anorexia and bulimia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of general psychiatry · 2026Review
- Non-invasive brain stimulation as an experimental treatment approach for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorders: A meta-analysis and systematic review of literature.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- The neurobiological foundation of effective repetitive transcranial magnetic brain stimulation in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- [Research progress on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for improving depression in Parkinson's disease].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025Review
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation alleviates neuropathic pain via microglial polarization by modulating the METTL3/NMDAR2B/NLRP3 pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Structural connectivity modifications following deep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate and nucleus accumbens in severe anorexia nervosa.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Article
- Efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa (BN): A Review and Insight into Potential Mechanisms of Action.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Cerebral blood flow changes induced by high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with cognitive training in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Multisite rTMS combined with cognitive training modulates effective connectivity in patients with Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2023Article
- An Exploratory Study of a Novel Combined Therapeutic Modality for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.Brain sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as a therapeutic tool to alleviate symptoms for neurological and psychiatric diseases such as chronic pain, stroke, Parkinson's disease, major depressive disorder, and others. Although the therapeutic potential of rTMS has been widely explored, the neurological basis of its effects is still not fully understood. Fortunately, the continuous development of imaging techniques has advanced our understanding of rTMS neurobiological underpinnings on the healthy and diseased brain. The objective of the current work is to summarize relevant findings from positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques evaluating rTMS effects. We included studies that investigated the modulation of neurotransmission (evaluated with PET and magnetic resonance spectroscopy), brain activity (evaluated with PET), resting-state connectivity (evaluated with resting-state functional MRI), and microstructure (diffusion tensor imaging). Overall, results from imaging studies suggest that the effects of rTMS are complex and involve multiple neurotransmission systems, regions, and networks. The effects of stimulation seem to not only be dependent in the frequency used, but also in the participants characteristics such as disease progression. In patient populations, pre-stimulation evaluation was reported to predict responsiveness to stimulation, while post-stimulation neuroimaging measurements showed to be correlated with symptomatic improvement. These studies demonstrate the complexity of rTMS effects and highlight the relevance of imaging techniques.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.