SynthesisHealth promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals2022
Are social isolation, lack of social support or loneliness risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Australia and New Zealand? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Social relationships and risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Pooled it
- Association of social isolation, loneliness and risk of cardiovascular diseases: Meta-analysis of cohort studies.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of social relationships on the risk of stroke and post-stroke mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Associations between dimensions of the social environment and cardiometabolic health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2024Pooled it
- The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Social Isolation and Social Support Influence Health Service Utilisation and Survival after a Cardiovascular Disease Event: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Are social isolation, lack of social support or loneliness risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Australia and New Zealand? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Associations of social network size and perceived level of social support with age acceleration estimated by a proteomic aging clock: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Determinants of Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Lipid Ratios: Associations with Sociodemographic Profile, Lifestyle, and Social Isolation in Spanish Workers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Loneliness and cardiovascular disease incidence: two cohorts of older adults in the USA and South Korea.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Dysregulated RBM24 phosphorylation impairs APOE translation underlying psychological stress-induced cardiovascular disease.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Determinants affecting the medical students adoption of mobile learning: extended UTAUT.BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Association Between Social Isolation With Age-Gap Determined by Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Electrocardiography.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Effects of loneliness and isolation on cardiovascular diseases: a two sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2024Article
- Defining and assessing psychological frailty in older adults: a scoping review protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Social Isolation Trajectories and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: National Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic, Behavioural, and Social Health Correlates of Optimism and Pessimism in Older Men and Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The mediating effect of stigma between self-perceived burden and loneliness in stroke patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Social isolation, social support and loneliness as predictors of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality.BMC geriatrics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn international systematic review concluded that individuals with poor social health (social isolation, lack of social support or loneliness) are 30% more likely to develop coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Notably, the two included Australian papers reported no association between social health and CHD or stroke.
objectiveWe undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between social isolation, lack of social support and loneliness and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence among people living in Australia and New Zealand.
methodsFour electronic databases were systematically searched for longitudinal studies published until June 2020. Two reviewers undertook title/abstract screen and one reviewer undertook full-text screen and data extraction. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle - Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.
resultsOf the 725 unique records retrieved, five papers met our inclusion criteria. These papers reported data from three Australian longitudinal datasets, with a total of 2137 CHD and 590 stroke events recorded over follow-up periods ranging from 3 to 16 years. Reports of two CHD and two stroke outcomes were suitable for meta-analysis. The included papers reported no association between social health and incidence of CVD in all fully adjusted models and most unadjusted models.
conclusionsOur systematic review is inconclusive as it identified only a few studies, which relied heavily on self-reported CVD. Further studies using medical diagnosis of CVD, and assessing the potential influence of residential remoteness, are needed to better understand the relationship between social health and CVD incidence in Australia and New Zealand.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.