Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2022
Multicenter, Randomized, Phase III Trial of Short-Term Radiotherapy Plus Chemotherapy Versus Long-Term Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (STELLAR).
6 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 6 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 277 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
277citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
43.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective, Open-Label, Single-Arm and Multicentre Phase II Study to Explore the Efficacy and Safety of Neoadjuvant Cadonilimab Plus Chemotherapy Following Short-Course Radiotherapy in Middle and Lower Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
The Efficacy of Combination of Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia(mEHT) in The Multimodality Management in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Multicenter Phase 3 Randomized Control Trial.
NCT07521605 phase2not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation
Short-Course Radiotherapy Followed by Liposomal Irinotecan, Capecitabine, and Camrelizumab as Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced pMMR/MSS Low Rectal Cancer: A Prospective Single-Arm Phase II Trial Protocol
Preoperative, Adaptive Radiotherapy Concomitant to Chemotherapy for Rectal Adenocarcinoma (Adaptive Rectal Cancer Trial 02). An Interventional Study.
NCT07651007 phase2not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation
A Phase II Clinical Study of Short-course Radiotherapy Followed by NALIRIFOX Plus Pemolivimab as Neoadjuvant Therapy for High-risk Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer With MSS/pMMR
NCT07691632 phase2not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation
A Single-Arm, Single-Center, Phase II Exploratory Clinical Study of Serplulimab Combined With Decitabine Plus CAPOX as Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Who cites it
277 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 442 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Korean Rectal Cancer Multidisciplinary Committee Clinical Practice Guidelines for Rectal Cancer version 2.0.Annals of coloproctology · 2026Guideline
- SEOM-GEMCAD-TTD clinical guidelines for localized rectal cancer (2025).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Guideline
- Compliance and Toxicity of Total Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Optimal choice of different neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapies for locally advanced rectal cancer: systematic review and network meta-analysis.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Pathologic Complete Response and Survival in Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of Proton Beam Therapy Compared to Conventional Radiotherapy in Non-Metastatic Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer in the Era of Total Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer patients: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Total neoadjuvant therapy based on short-course radiotherapy versus standard long-course chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Two-Year Outcomes after Direct-to-Surgery in Good Prognosis Margin-Clear Stage II or III Rectal Cancer: The QuickSilver Study.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Trial
- A multicohort, biomarker-driven phase 2 trial of personalized total neoadjuvant therapy with targeted agents for high-risk rectal cancer (The TRAINER study).Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Trial
- Multicenter phase II study of neoadjuvant FOLFOXIRI followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in Chinese patients with high-risk rectal cancer.The oncologist · 2026Trial
- Minimum 18-week chemotherapy improves survival in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant radiotherapy: a post hoc analysis of the STELLAR trial.BMC medicine · 2026Trial
- Short-Course Radiotherapy-Based Total Neoadjuvant Therapy plus Tislelizumab for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (Neo-STAR): Early Outcomes of a Randomized Phase II Trial.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Trial
- Neoadjuvant FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab without radiotherapy for high-risk rectal cancer: multicentre phase II trial.BJS open · 2025Trial
- Long-Term Outcomes of Long-Course Chemoradiotherapy vs. Short-Course Radiotherapy Followed by Consolidation Chemotherapy in Rectal Cancer.Yonsei medical journal · 2025Trial
- Dual Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Plus Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy followed by camrelizumab and chemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: 3-year survival from a phase 2 study.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Neoadjuvant chemoradiation with or without PD-1 blockade in locally advanced rectal cancer: a randomized phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
217 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
35 authors at 13 institutions in 2 countries.
Jing JinState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2158-7392
Yuan TangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5417-8988
Chen HuDivision of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-4672-1981
Li-Ming JiangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.
Jun JiangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.
Ning LiState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7968-7364
Wen-Yang LiuState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.
Si-Lin ChenState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.
Shuai LiKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
Ning-Ning LuState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.
Yong CaiKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
Yong-Heng LiKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
Yuan ZhuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital),Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
Guang-Hui ChengDepartment of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3864-8956
Hong-Yan ZhangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China.
Xin WangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Su-Yu ZhuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0213-3491
Jun WangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Gao-Feng LiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, CAMS, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9397-2591
Jia-Lin YangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Kuan ZhangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Qinghai, China.
Yihebali ChiState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.
Lin YangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.
Hai-Tao ZhouState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.
Ai-Ping ZhouState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.
Shuang-Mei ZouState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8539-6291
Hui FangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.
Shu-Lian WangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7322-9621
Hai-Zeng ZhangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1433-3482
Xi-Shan WangState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.
Li-Chun WeiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Wen-Ling WangDepartment of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Shi-Xin LiuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China.
Yuan-Hong GaoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6429-5376
Ye-Xiong LiState Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0985-235X
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · CNPeking University · CNUniversity of Science and Technology of China · CNGuiyang Medical University · CNHebei Medical University · CNHunan Cancer Hospital · CNJilin University · CNJohns Hopkins University · USQinghai Red Cross Hospital · CNSichuan Cancer Hospital · CNSun Yat-sen University · CNXijing Hospital · CNZhejiang Cancer Hospital · CN
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo ascertain if preoperative short-term radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy is not inferior to a standard schedule of long-term chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND
methodsPatients with distal or middle-third, clinical primary tumor stage 3-4 and/or regional lymph node-positive rectal cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to short-term radiotherapy (25 Gy in five fractions over 1 week) followed by four cycles of chemotherapy (total neoadjuvant therapy [TNT]) or chemoradiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks, concurrently with capecitabine [chemoradiotherapy; CRT]). Total mesorectal excision was undertaken 6-8 weeks after preoperative treatment, with two additional cycles of CAPOX (intravenous oxaliplatin [130 mg/m
resultsBetween August 2015 and August 2018, a total of 599 patients were randomly assigned to receive TNT (n = 302) or CRT (n = 297). At a median follow-up of 35.0 months, 3-year DFS was 64.5% and 62.3% in TNT and CRT groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.883; one-sided 95% CI, not applicable to 1.11;
conclusionShort-term radiotherapy with preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery was efficacious with acceptable toxicity and could be used as an alternative to CRT for locally advanced rectal cancer.
Indexed as
Neoplasms, Second PrimaryRectal NeoplasmsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCapecitabineChemoradiotherapyFluorouracilHumansNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNeoplasm StagingCapecitabineFluorouracil
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Registered trials
NCT05792735ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07372300ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07521605ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07580027ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07651007ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07691632ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.