ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2022
A subtype of institutionalized patients with schizophrenia characterized by pronounced subcortical and cognitive deficits.
Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two structural alteration patterns of the thalamus in patients with schizophrenia.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Subtyping schizophrenia via machine learning by using structural neuroimaging.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- Distinct neuroimaging subtypes of ADHD among adolescents based on semi-supervised learning.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effects of Long-Term Institutionalization on the Linguistic-Communicative Performance of Patients with Schizophrenia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Signatures Analysis of Plasma Cell-Free DNA in Schizophrenia.MedComm · 2025Article
- Morphological alterations of the thymus gland in individuals with schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neuroimage Analysis Methods and Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Reliable Biomarkers and Accurate Diagnosis of Schizophrenia: Achievements Made by Chinese Scholars Around the Past Decade.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- Imaging Biomarker Studies of Antipsychotic-Naïve First-Episode Schizophrenia in China: Progress and Future Directions.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- Dimensional Neuroimaging Endophenotypes: Neurobiological Representations of Disease Heterogeneity Through Machine Learning.Biological psychiatry · 2024Review
- Multivariate associations between neuroanatomy and cognition in unmedicated and medicated individuals with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Article
- A new causal centrality measure reveals the prominent role of subcortical structures in the causal architecture of the extended default mode network.Brain structure & function · 2023Article
- Dissociation between neuroanatomical and symptomatic subtypes in schizophrenia.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2023Article
- Psychosis brain subtypes validated in first-episode cohorts and related to illness remission: results from the PHENOM consortium.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- Analysis of networks in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in chronic schizophrenia: Relevance of altered immune response.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Effects of Antipsychotic Medications and Illness Duration on Brain Features That Distinguish Schizophrenia Patients.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Some patients with schizophrenia have severe cognitive impairment and functional deficits that require long-term institutional care. The patterns of brain-behavior alterations in these individuals, and their differences from patients living successfully in the community, remain poorly understood. Previous cognition-based studies for stratifying schizophrenia patients highlight the importance of subcortical structures in the context of illness heterogeneity. In the present study, subcortical volumes from 96 institutionalized patients with long-term schizophrenia were evaluated using cluster analysis to test for heterogeneity. These data were compared to those from two groups of community-dwelling individuals with schizophrenia for comparison purposes, including 68 long-term ill and 126 first-episode individuals. A total of 290 demographically matched healthy participants were included as normative references at a 1:1 ratio for each patient sample. A subtype of institutionalized patients was identified based on their pattern of subcortical alterations. Using a machine learning algorithm developed to discriminate the two groups of institutionalized patients, all three patient samples were found to have similar rates of patients assigned to the two subtypes (approximately 50% each). In institutionalized patients, only the subtype with the identified pattern of subcortical alterations had greater neocortical and cognitive abnormalities than those in the similarity classified community-dwelling patients with long-term illness. Thus, for the subtype of patients with a distinctive pattern of subcortical alterations, when the distinct pattern of subcortical alterations is present and particularly severe, it is associated with cognitive impairments that may contribute to persistent disability and institutionalization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.