Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35259758›Full record

ArticleFamily practice2022

Supportive interactions with primary care doctors are associated with better mental health among transgender people: results of a nationwide survey in Aotearoa/New Zealand.

Gareth J Treharne, Rona Carroll, Kyle K H Tan, Jaimie F Veale

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Family practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Observational
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  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Transphobia in the United Kingdom: a public health crisis.International journal for equity in health · 2025
    Article
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  19. Review
  20. Considerations in the care of transgender persons.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Gareth J TreharneDepartment of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-0065-2995
Rona CarrollDepartment of Primary Health Care and General Practice, University of Otago, Wellington, Aotearoa, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-6177-6043
Kyle K H TanTrans Health Research Lab, School of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, Aotearoa, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0001-6831-7045
Jaimie F VealeTrans Health Research Lab, School of Psychology, University of Waikato, Hamilton, Aotearoa, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-9151-7413
University of Otago · NZUniversity of Waikato · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPast research has established that transgender people experience significant disparities in mental health outcomes and healthcare dissatisfaction compared with cisgender people, but more research is needed on how supportive healthcare interactions relate to the mental health of transgender people.

objectivesThe 2 main aims of our analyses were: (i) to establish the most common negative experiences in healthcare and the most common supportive experiences specifically with primary care doctors for transgender people; and (ii) to examine the association of supportive experiences with mental health variables after controlling for demographic factors.

methodsData from the 2018 Counting Ourselves nationwide survey of transgender people were analysed using regression modelling. The 948 participants with a primary care doctor or general practitioner were included in analyses. Participants were aged 14-83 years old (mean 30.20).

resultsThe most common supportive experiences involved primary care doctors treating transgender people equitably, with competence, and with respect. Participants with more negative healthcare experiences had higher psychological distress as well as higher likelihood of reporting nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidality. Conversely, participants with more experiences of supportive primary care doctors had lower psychological distress and were less likely to have attempted suicide in the past 12 months.

conclusionWhen transgender people receive supportive care from their primary care providers they experience better mental health, despite ongoing negative healthcare experiences. Future research is needed to confirm ways of supporting positive trajectories of mental health for transgender people but these findings demonstrate the importance of positive aspects of care.

Indexed as

Sexual and Gender MinoritiesTransgender PersonsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMental HealthMiddle AgedNew ZealandPrimary Health CareYoung Adultbisexualdepression/mood disorderdoctor–patient relationshipgaygenderlesbianLGBTQphysician competencyprimary caretransgender (GLBT) issues

Identifiers

PMID35259758
PMCPMC9508874
OpenAlexW4205311237

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.