Trial reportEndocrine2022
Metabolic effects of estradiol versus testosterone in complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
Trial report in Endocrine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical practice guidelines for the management of differences of sex development in Japan.Endocrine journal · 2026Guideline
- Current clinical care for women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome across the European reference network on rare endocrine conditions.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Pediatric Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS): Clinical Presentation, Hormonal Profiles, and Gonadal ManagementJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2026Article
- Clinical practice guidelines for the management of differences of sex development in Japan.Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Androgen receptor mutations in familial androgen insensitivity syndrome: A metabolic reprogramming pathway to type 2 diabetes susceptibility.World journal of diabetes · 2025Review
- Satisfaction with health care among people with differences of sex development (DSD) in Germany.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Androgen insensitivity syndrome: a review.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Review
- Contexts of care for people with differences of sex development: Diversity is still missing in the laboratory routine.Medizinische Genetik : Mitteilungsblatt des Berufsverbandes Medizinische Genetik e.V · 2023Article
- Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome: a case report and literature review.The Journal of international medical research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo study differences in metabolic outcomes between testosterone and estradiol replacement in probands with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS).
methodsIn this multicentre, double-blind, randomized crossover trial, 26 women with CAIS were included of whom 17 completed the study. After a two-months run in phase with estradiol, probands either received transdermal estradiol followed by crossover to transdermal testosterone or vice versa. After six months, differences in lipids, fasting glucose, insulin, hematocrit, liver parameters and blood pressure between the treatment phases were investigated.
resultsLinear mixed models adjusted for period and sequence did not reveal major group differences according to treatment for the investigated outcomes. In each treatment group, there were however significant uniform changes in BMI and cholesterol. BMI increased significantly, following six months of estradiol ( + 2.7%; p = 0.036) as well as testosterone treatment ( + 2.8%; p = 0.036). There was also a significant increase in total ( + 10.4%; p = 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol ( + 29.2%; p = 0.049) and a decrease in HDL-cholesterol (-15.8%; p < 0.001) following six months of estradiol as well as six months of testosterone treatment (total cholesterol: + 14.6%; p = 0.008; LDL-cholesterol: + 39.1%; p = 0.005, HDL-cholesterol: -15.8%; p = 0.004). Other parameters remained unchanged.
conclusionTransdermal estradiol as well as testosterone treatment in women with CAIS results in worsening in lipid profiles. Given the relatively small sample size, subtle group differences in other metabolic parameters may have remained undetected.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.