ArticleResuscitation2022
The association of fire or police first responder initiated interventions with out of hospital cardiac arrest survival.
Article in Resuscitation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07323667 (REVIVE Zug), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
REVIVE Zug: Impact of a Cantonal First Repsonder System on ROSC Rates and Incidence of Shockable Rhythms in Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drones providing live video to dispatch centers during time-critical incidents.BMC emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Availability of Romanian Firefighter Paramedics to Adopt the Role of Community First Responders in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Public Safety Heroes (PUSH) Workout: Task-Specific High-Intensity Functional Training for Emergency Readiness in Fire and Police-Proof of Concept.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Insights into Pre-COVID sudden cardiac deaths-: An autopsy study in South India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Defining the terminology of first responders alerted for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by medical dispatch centres: An international consensus study on nomenclature.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Assessment of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) response times and operational factors in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA): a retrospective analysis.Postepy w kardiologii interwencyjnej = Advances in interventional cardiology · 2025Article
- Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest outcomes when law enforcement arrives before emergency medical services.Resuscitation · 2024Article
- Implementation and use of a supraglottic airway device in the management of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by firefighter first responders - A prospective feasibility study.Resuscitation plus · 2023Article
- Coagulofibrinolytic effects of recombinant soluble thrombomodulin in prolonged porcine cardiac arrest.Resuscitation plus · 2023Article
- Police as first reponders improve out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival.BMC emergency medicine · 2023Article
- PULS - Austrian Cardiac Arrest Awareness Association: An overview of a multi-tiered and multi-facetted regional initiative to save lives.Resuscitation plus · 2023Review
- Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survival when CPR is initiated by first responders.Resuscitation · 2023Article
- Differences in Automated External Defibrillator Types in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Treated by Police First Responders.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveFire and police first responders are often the first to arrive in medical emergencies and provide basic life support services until specialized personnel arrive. This study aims to evaluate rates of fire or police first responder-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) use, as well as their associated impact on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes.
methodsWe completed a secondary data analysis of the MI-CARES registry from 2014 to 2019. We reported rates of CPR initiation and AED use by fire or police first responders. Multilevel modeling was utilized to evaluate the relationship between fire/police first responder-initiated interventions and outcomes of interest: ROSC upon emergency department arrival, survival to hospital discharge, and good neurologic outcome.
resultsOur cohort included 25,067 OHCA incidents. We found fire or police first responders initiated CPR in 31.8% of OHCA events and AED use in 6.1% of OHCA events. Likelihood of sustained ROSC on ED arrival after CPR initiated by a fire/police first responder was not statistically different as compared to EMS initiated CPR (aOR 1.01, CI 0.93-1.11). However, fire/police first responder interventions were associated with significantly higher odds of survival to hospital discharge and survival with good neurologic outcome (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08-1.45 and aOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.18-1.65, respectively). Similar associations were see when examining fire or police initiated AED use.
conclusionsFire or police first responders may be an underutilized, potentially powerful mechanism for improving OHCA survival. Future studies should investigate barriers and opportunities for increasing first responder interventions by these groups in OHCA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.