ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2022
Clinical frailty, and not features of acute infection, is associated with late mortality in COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06430073 (Effect of Infections and Global DNA Methylation on Frailty Trajectories in Hospitalized Older Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Infections and Global DNA Methylation on Frailty Trajectories in Hospitalized Older Patients: a Multicenter Observational Study (INFRAGEN)
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of a clinical-friendly model for predicting 180-day mortality in the older with community-acquired pneumonia.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on functional, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and health-related outcomes in patients with dementia: A systematic review.eNeurologicalSci · 2025Review
- The prognostic value of Clinical Frailty Scale in COVID-19 pneumonia across different pandemic phases: a comparison between the first and the fourth wave.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Long COVID and hypertension-related disorders: a report from the Japanese Society of Hypertension Project Team on COVID-19.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Review
- The impact of COVID-19-related chronic disease is gradually emerging: discovery and trends from a bibliometric analysis.American journal of translational research · 2023Article
- Association of sTREM-1 and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Markers in COVID-19 Short- and Long-Term Mortality.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Association between physical activity status and severity of COVID-19 in older adults.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- [Coronavirus disease 2019 and frailty].Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2022Review
- Clinical frailty, and not features of acute infection, is associated with late mortality in COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022Article
- Oxidative stress and endogenous DNA damage in blood mononuclear cells may predict anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers after vaccination in older adults.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2022Article
- A Simple Prognostic Score for Critical COVID-19 Derived from Patients without Comorbidities Performs Well in Unselected Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Frailty in the context of COVID-19 pandemic: A life-threatening condition.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with excess mortality after hospital discharge. Identification of patients at increased risk of death following hospital discharge is needed to guide clinical monitoring and early intervention. Herein, we aimed to identify predictors of early vs. late mortality in COVID-19 patients.
methodsA total of 471 patients with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 were followed up for 9 months [median (inter-quartile range) of follow-up time: 271 (14) days] after hospital admission. COVID-19-related signs and symptoms, laboratory features, co-morbidities, Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (4C) mortality and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores were analysed by logistic regression for association with early (28 day) vs. late mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the discriminative value of 4C and CFS scores for early vs. late mortality.
resultsA total of 120 patients died within 28 days from hospital admission. Of the remaining 351 patients, 41 died within the next 8 months. Respiratory failure, systemic inflammation, and renal impairment were associated with early mortality, while active cancer and dementia were associated with late mortality, after adjustment for age and sex. 4C mortality score and CFS were associated with both early [odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval-CI): 4C: 1.34 (1.25-1.45); CFS: 1.49 (1.33-1.66)] and late [OR (95% CI): 4C: 1.23 (1.12-1.36); CFS: 2.04 (1.62-2.56)] mortality. After adjustment for CFS, the association between 4C and late mortality was lost. By ROC analysis, 4C mortality score was superior to CFS for 28 day mortality [area under the curve (AUC) (95% CI): 0.779 (0.732-0.825) vs. 0.723 (0.673-0.773), respectively; P = 0.039]. In contrast, CFS had higher predictive value for late mortality compared with 4C mortality score [AUC (95% CI): 0.830 (0.776-0.883) vs. 0.724 (0.650-0.798), respectively; P = 0.007].
conclusionsIn our cohort, late mortality in COVID-19 patients is more strongly associated with premorbid clinical frailty than with severity of the acute infection phase.
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