Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35257211›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2022

At least ninety days of follow-up are required to adequately detect wound outcomes after open incisional hernia repair.

Brent Hopkins, Jules Eustache, Olivia Ganescu, Josie Ciopolla, Pepa Kaneva, Julio F Fiore, Liane S Feldman, Lawrence Lee

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Mapping the therapeutic landscape in emergency incisional hernia: a scoping review.Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Brent HopkinsDepartment of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, DS1-3310, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada. brent.hopkins@mail.mcgill.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3799-8452
Jules EustacheDepartment of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, DS1-3310, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
Olivia GanescuFaculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Josie CiopollaFaculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Pepa KanevaSteinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, D6-136, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
Julio F FioreSteinberg-Bernstein Centre for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Innovation, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, D6-136, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
Liane S FeldmanDepartment of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, DS1-3310, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
Lawrence LeeDepartment of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, DS1-3310, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
McGill University Health Centre · CAMcGill University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIncisional hernia repair (IHR) carries a high risk of wound complications. Thirty-day outcomes are frequently used in comparative-effectiveness research, but may miss a substantial number of surgical site occurrences (SSO) including surgical site infection (SSI). The objective of this study was to determine an optimal length of follow-up to detect SSI after IHR.

methodsAll adult patients undergoing open IHR at a single academic center over a 3 year period were reviewed. SSIs, non-infectious SSOs, and wound-related readmissions were recorded up to 180 days. The primary outcome was the proportion of SSIs detected at end-points of 30, 60, and 90 days of follow-up. Time-to-event analysis was performed for all outcomes at 30, 60, 90, and 180 days. Logistic regression was used estimate the relative risk of SSI for relevant risk factors.

resultsA total of 234 patients underwent open IHR. Median follow-up time of 102 days. Overall incidence of SSI was 15.8% with median time to occurrence of 23 days. Incidence of non-infectious SSO was 33.2%, and SSO-related readmission was 12.8%. At 30, 60, and 90 days sensitivity was 81.6%, 89.5%, and 92.1 for SSI, and 46.7%, 76.7%, and 83.3% for readmission. In regression analysis, body mass index (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.00, 1.15, p = 0.04) anterior component separation (RR 4.21, 95% CI 2.09, 6.34, p = 0.003), and emergency surgery (RR 3.25, 95% CI 1.47, 5.02, p = 0.01), were independently associated with SSI after adjusting for age, sex, contamination class, and procedure duration.

conclusionA considerable proportion of SSIs occurred beyond 30 days, but 90-day follow-up detected 92% of SSIs. Follow-up to 90 days captured only 83% of SSO-related readmissions. These results have implications for the design of trials evaluating wound complication after open IHR, as early endpoints may miss clinically relevant outcomes and underestimate the number needed to treat. Where possible, we recommend a minimum follow-up of 90 days to estimate wound complications following open IHR.

Indexed as

Hernia, VentralIncisional HerniaAbdominal MusclesAdultFollow-Up StudiesHerniorrhaphyHumansRetrospective StudiesSurgical Wound InfectionHerniaIncisional herniaSurgical site infectionSurgical site occurrenceSurgical site occurrence requiring procedural interventionVentral hernia

Identifiers

PMID35257211
OpenAlexW4220869118

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.