ArticleVeterinary research2022
Proteases secreted by Trichinella spiralis intestinal infective larvae damage the junctions of the intestinal epithelial cell monolayer and mediate larval invasion.
Article in Veterinary research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trichinella spiralis galectin disrupts gut epithelial integrity and mediates larval invasion via acting MUC13- ROCK2/MAPK pathway.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Vaccination of mice with Trichinella spiralis serine proteinase enhanced gut epithelial barrier and elicited a high protective immunity.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- Trichinella spiralis serine proteinase enhances antibody-dependent cell-mediated (ADCC) killing of newborn larvae by driving M1 polarization via the NF-κB pathway.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2026Article
- A Trichinella spiralis Trypsin Drives Macrophage M1 Polarization and Strengthens Cytotoxicity Killing Larvae via Activating the NF-κB Pathway.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization of a novel Trichinella spiralis aspartyl protease and its role in the larval invasion of host intestinal epithelial cells.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2026Article
- Simultaneous heterotopia of the gastric mucosa and pancreatic tissue leads to perforation of the small intestine: case report and literature review.AME case reports · 2026Article
- Susceptibility of mice to primaryFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Aspartic protease 2 from Trichinella spiralis excretion/secretion products hydrolyzes tight junctions of intestinal epithelial cells.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Trichinella spiralis excretory-secretory proteins induced autophagy via activating AMPK/mTOR pathway and protected gut epithelial barrier.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Trichinella spiralis serine protease mediates larval invasion of gut epithelium via binding to CK8 and activating RhoA/ROCK1 pathway.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- A Trichinella spiralis serine protease triggers gut epithelial apoptosis and destroys the barrier integrity to mediate larval invasion.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Comparative immunodiagnostic evaluation of recombinant serine proteases fromVeterinary world · 2025Article
- Molecular characterization of zinc metalloproteinase Nas-14 from Trichinella spiralis and its participation in intestinal invasion.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Protein phosphorylation networks in Baylisascaris procyonis revealed by phosphoproteomic analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Heterologous prime-boost immunization based on a human adenovirus 5 vectored containing Trichinella spiralis Cystatin-like protein elicits protective mucosal immunity in mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potentials of Trichinella spiralis in immune disorders: From allergy to autoimmunity.Parasites, hosts and diseases · 2025Review
- Vaccination of mice with Trichinella spiralis C-type lectin elicited the protective immunity and enhanced gut epithelial barrier function.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Trichinella spiralis excretory/secretory proteins mediated larval invasion via inducing gut epithelial apoptosis and barrier disruption.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is the first natural barrier against Trichinella spiralis larval invasion, but the mechanism of larval invasion of the gut epithelium is not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the excretory/secretory proteins (ESPs) of T. spiralis intestinal infective larvae (IIL) degrade tight junction (TJ) proteins, to assess the main ESP proteases hydrolysing TJ proteins using various enzyme inhibitors and to define the key invasive factors in IIL invasion of the gut epithelium. The results of immunofluorescence, Western blot and Transwell assays showed that serine proteases and cysteine proteases in the ESPs played main roles in hydrolysing occludin, claudin-1 and E-cad and upregulating claudin-2 expression. Challenge infection results showed that IIL expulsion from the gut at 12 hpi was significantly higher in mice which were infected with muscle larvae (ML) treated with a single inhibitor (PMSF, E-64, 1,10-Phe or pepstatin) or various mixtures containing PMSF and E-64 than in mice in the PBS group or the groups treated with an inhibitor mixture not containing PMSF and E-64 (P < 0.0001). At 6 days post-infection, mice which were infected with ML treated with PMSF, E-64, 1,10-Phe or pepstatin exhibited 56.30, 64.91, 26.42 and 31.85% reductions in intestinal adult worms compared to mice in the PBS group (P < 0.0001). The results indicate that serine proteases and cysteine proteases play key roles in T. spiralis IIL invasion, growth and survival in the host and that they may be main candidate target molecules for vaccines against larval invasion and development.
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