ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2022
Long-Term Cannabis Use and Cognitive Reserves and Hippocampal Volume in Midlife.
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Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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52citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
15.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Substance use disorder and altered hemispheric asymmetries: A systematic review.Clinical psychology review · 2025Pooled it
- PET imaging of FAAH in chronic Cannabis users: longitudinal assessment during short-term abstinence.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Beyond symptom change: a qualitative descriptive study of reported quality of life experiences among adults prescribed medicinal cannabis for anxiety disorders.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
- Longitudinal neurocognitive trajectories in a large cohort of youth who use cannabis: combining self-report and toxicology.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Lifetime Cannabis Use Is Associated With Brain Volume and Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Cumulative exposure to cannabis and hippocampus MRI in middle age: results from the coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- How does cognition change over time in young people who use cannabis recreationally? A narrative review of the longitudinal literature to date.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Cannabis use by people with HIV is associated with an anti-inflammatory immunometabolic phenotype in monocyte-derived macrophages.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Age-Related Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids on Brain and Behavior.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2026Review
- NfL and GFAP quantification and associations with mental health in recreational cannabis users-Results from the Swiss study on recreational cannabis access via pharmacies.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Neurocognitive Trajectories in a Large Cohort of Youth Who Use Cannabis: Combining Self-Report and Toxicology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Young Adult Substance Use as a Predictor of Poor Self-Rated Memory Decades Later in Midlife.Journal of aging and health · 2026Article
- Cannabis use, cognitive function and dementia risk in older adults: observational and genetic analyses.BMJ mental health · 2026Article
- A Fine-Grained Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Cannabis Use and Its Relation to Cognitive Performance in Young Adulthood.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2026Article
- Astrocytic SIRT1 ameliorates cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury via autophagy-mediated MEGF10 phagocytosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The Role of Toll-like Receptor 3 Signaling in Cognitive Impairment Induced by Propofol Addiction.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Symptom severity and cognitive performance in patients with substance induced psychotic disorder and schizophrenia: a cross-sectional comparative study.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2025Article
- Cannabis and liver transplant in the era of legalization: Effects of pretransplant cannabis use on postoperative opioid use and transplant outcomes.Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2025Article
- DNA methylation profiles of long-term cannabis users in midlife: a comprehensive evaluation of published cannabis-associated methylation markers in a representative cohort.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Time since HIV diagnosis is linked to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Madeline H MeierDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Avshalom CaspiDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Annchen R KnodtDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Wayne HallDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Antony AmblerDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
HonaLee HarringtonDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Sean HoganDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Renate M HoutsDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Richie PoultonDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Sandhya RamrakhaDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Ahmad R HaririDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
Terrie E MoffittDepartment of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe (Meier); Department of Psychology and Neuroscience (Caspi, Knodt, Harrington, Houts, Hariri, Moffitt) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Caspi, Moffitt), Duke University, Durham, N.C.; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Caspi, Ambler, Moffitt); Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia (Hall); Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand (Ambler, Hogan, Poulton, Ramrakha).
The University of Queensland · AU
Funding
Quantifying Individual Differences in Midlife Structural Brain Integrity Associated with Later AD/ADRD RiskR01AG049789 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI AHMAD R. HARIRI, TERRIE E MOFFITT · 2015 to 2026
$10.6MIs mental disorder a preventable cause of age-related disease? The Dunedin Study.R01AG032282 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI CASPI, AVSHALOM, MOFFITT, TERRIE E · 2009 to 2025
$9.5MComprehensive portrait of long-term cannabis users: Are they ready for old age?R01AG069939 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI MOFFITT, TERRIE E · 2021 to 2024
$1.3MMedical Research Council MR/P005918Medical Research Council MR/P005918/1NIA NIH HHS R01 AG032282NIA NIH HHS R01 AG049789NIA NIH HHS R01 AG069939
Abstract
objectiveCannabis use is increasing among midlife and older adults. This study tested the hypotheses that long-term cannabis use is associated with cognitive deficits and smaller hippocampal volume in midlife, which is important because midlife cognitive deficits and smaller hippocampal volume are risk factors for dementia.
methodsParticipants are members of a representative cohort of 1,037 individuals born in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1972-1973 and followed to age 45, with 94% retention. Cannabis use and dependence were assessed at ages 18, 21, 26, 32, 38, and 45. IQ was assessed at ages 7, 9, 11, and 45. Specific neuropsychological functions and hippocampal volume were assessed at age 45.
resultsLong-term cannabis users showed IQ decline from childhood to midlife (mean=-5.5 IQ points), poorer learning and processing speed relative to their childhood IQ, and informant-reported memory and attention problems. These deficits were specific to long-term cannabis users because they were either not present or were smaller among long-term tobacco users, long-term alcohol users, midlife recreational cannabis users, and cannabis quitters. Cognitive deficits among long-term cannabis users could not be explained by persistent tobacco, alcohol, or other illicit drug use, childhood socioeconomic status, low childhood self-control, or family history of substance dependence. Long-term cannabis users showed smaller hippocampal volume, but smaller hippocampal volume did not statistically mediate cannabis-related cognitive deficits.
conclusionsLong-term cannabis users showed cognitive deficits and smaller hippocampal volume in midlife. Research is needed to ascertain whether long-term cannabis users show elevated rates of dementia in later life.
Indexed as
CannabisCognitive ReserveDementiaMarijuana AbuseAgedChildCognitionHippocampusHumansMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsCannabisCognition/Learning/MemoryNeuroimagingSubstance-Related and Addictive Disorders
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