ArticleNature2022
SARS-CoV-2 is associated with changes in brain structure in UK Biobank.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Nature, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06178952 (Transcranial Pulse Stimulation), which is not on this map. Cited by 893 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
893citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
182.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Transcranial Pulse Stimulation (TPS) in Post-COVID-19
Who cites it
893 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,499 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and long-term outcomes of brain fog and cognitive impairment in individuals with long COVID: A systematic review.Medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Neurological Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2.Viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Metabolic brain changes in post-acute COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of [18F]-FDG-PET findings.Brain structure & function · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of Cognitive Function Following Non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Neuropsychology review · 2025Pooled it
- The APOLLO trial: a proof-of-concept study for vitamin A nasal drops in COVID-19-related postinfectious olfactory dysfunction.Chemical senses · 2026Trial
- A randomized comparative feasibility study of neuromodulation and cognitive training for post-COVID fatigue.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Oxytocin Amplifies Negative Response to Ambiguity in Adolescent Females With and Without Eating Disorders.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2025Trial
- Is self-report brain fog after mild COVID-19 truly induced by COVID-19 infection? A longitudinal fNIRS study.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Pulmonary and cerebral damage in COVID-19 survivors: is there any association?Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Cognitive fatigue is related to reduced cerebral perfusion and sustained attention in patients with post COVID-19 condition: An fMRI study.Neuroimage. Reports · 2026Article
- Human brain matters: Navigating the neuropathology of COVID-19.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Neurological Manifestations of Long COVID: Current Evidence, Emerging Concepts, and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Cognitive function among COVID-19 survivors in the subacute phase during the epidemic of Omicron variant in China.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2026Article
- Tissue-Resident Macrophages: Linking Physiology and Inflammation in Infection.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Association Between Post-COVID Consequences and Cognitive Performance in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2026Article
- COVID-19 Is Airborne AIDS: Provocative Oversimplification, Emerging Science, or Something in Between?AJPM focus · 2026Review
- Subjective and objective working memory deficits in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 in a clinical trial population.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Cerebral arteriopathy and its role in persistent post-COVID headache and brain fog: a quantitative study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Molecular, cellular and network mapping of brain structural deviations in patients with Post-COVID19 syndrome.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Cerebral perfusion features linking subclinical cardiac and aortic dysfunction to vascular brain injury.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
833 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Gwenaëlle DouaudFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. gwenaelle.douaud@ndcn.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1981-391X
Soojin LeeFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Fidel Alfaro-AlmagroFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Christoph ArthoferFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-9963
Chaoyue WangFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-1563
Paul McCarthyFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Frederik LangeFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-7162
Jesper L R AnderssonFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ludovica GriffantiFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Eugene DuffFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Saad JbabdiFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Bernd TaschlerFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6574-4789
Peter KeatingEar Institute, University College London, London, UK.
Anderson M WinklerNational Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Rory CollinsNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Paul M MatthewsUK Dementia Research Institute and Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-8328
Naomi AllenNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Karla L MillerFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Thomas E NicholsBig Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-5103
Stephen M SmithFMRIB Centre, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-069X
University of Oxford · GBNational Institutes of Health · USOpen Data Institute · GBUK Dementia Research Institute · GBUniversity College London · GB
Funding
fMRI Studies Of Pediatric Mood And Anxiety DisordersZIAMH002781 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI PINE, DANIEL · 2009 to 2025
$41.5MFmri Studies Of Risk For Mood And Anxiety Disorders In ChildrenZIAMH002782 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI PINE, DANIEL · 2009 to 2025
$28.3MBritish Heart Foundation CH/1996001/9454Intramural NIH HHS ZIA MH002781Intramural NIH HHS ZIA MH002782Medical Research Council G0300622Medical Research Council MC_EX_G0801669Medical Research Council MC_PC_12027Medical Research Council MC_PC_12028Medical Research Council MC_PC_12029Medical Research Council MC_PC_15067Medical Research Council MC_PC_17223Medical Research Council MC_PC_17228Medical Research Council MC_PC_18026Medical Research Council MC_PC_21051Medical Research Council MC_QA137853Medical Research Council MC_U137686854Medical Research Council MR/K006673/1Medical Research Council MR/S034978/1Medical Research Council MR/T033371/1Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 203139/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust 215573/Z/19/Z
Abstract
There is strong evidence of brain-related abnormalities in COVID-19
Indexed as
BrainCOVID-19AgedAged, 80 and overBiological Specimen BanksHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMiddle AgedSARS-CoV-2SmellUnited Kingdom
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT06178952ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.