SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Smoking Status and Type 2 Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of Shared Genetic Etiology and Causal Relationship.
Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sofrito and Fruit Consumption Associated with Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in an Urban Latin American Cohort.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Polygenic risk and air pollution trends in relation to type 2 diabetes: evidence from the Taiwan Biobank.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Population Attributable Fraction of Tobacco Use and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Analysis of the ENSANUT 2021.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Impact of Smoking-Associated Genetic Variants on Post-Exercise Heart Rate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the influence of type 2 diabetes (T2D)-related genes, parental history of T2D, and obesity on T2D development: a case-control study.Biology of sex differences · 2023Article
- Untargeted metabolomics unravel serum metabolic alterations in smokers with hypertension.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- The Global Burden of Type 2 Diabetes Attributable to Tobacco: A Secondary Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to explore shared genetic etiology and the causality between smoking status and type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and related metabolic traits.
methodsUsing summary statistics from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWASs), we estimated genetic correlations between smoking status and T2D, 6 major CVDs, and 8 related metabolic traits with linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis; identified shared genetic loci with large-scale genome-wide cross-trait meta-analysis; explored potential shared biological mechanisms with a series of post-GWAS analyses; and determined causality with Mendelian randomization (MR).
resultsWe found significant positive genetic associations with smoking status for T2D (Rg = 0.170,
conclusionsOur findings provide strong evidence on shared genetic etiology and causal associations between smoking status and T2D, CAD, MI, and HF, underscoring the potential shared biological mechanisms underlying the link between smoking and T2D and CVDs. This work opens up a new way of more effective and timely prevention of smoking-related T2D and CVDs.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.