ReviewProgress in brain research2022
Cholinergic systems, attentional-motor integration, and cognitive control in Parkinson's disease.
Review in Progress in brain research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- "Brain-First" vs. "Body-First" PD: Definitions and Implications in Everyday Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Altered static and dynamic functional network connectivity in Parkinson's disease: A multisite functional magnetic resonance imaging study.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- β-Cyclodextrin-Complexed 1,8-Cineole Attenuates Motor Deficits and Preserves Tyrosine Hydroxylase Immunoreactivity in a Reserpine-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinsonism.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- White matter lesions disrupt cholinergic pathways important for cognition in Parkinson's disease.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Increased Binding of [Synapse (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Baseline Regional Cholinergic Denervation Predicts Cognitive Trajectories in Moderate Parkinson Disease.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Falls Induced by Optogenetic Inhibition of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Projections after Dorsomedial Striatal Dopamine Depletion in a Dual Disruption Model of Falling Vulnerability in Parkinson Disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neurotransmitter Systems Underlying Freezing of Gait (FOG) in Parkinson's Disease.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Review
- Review
- Molecular Pathogenesis of Memory Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: An Exploration of Underlying Mechanisms.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Objective Assessment of Facial Expressions in Parkinson's Disease During Deep Brain Stimulation ON and OFF States: A Pilot Study.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- The cholinergic basal forebrain and its role in neurodegeneration.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2025Review
- Cholinergic network disruptions on cognitive function across the spectrum of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Caudate serotonin signaling during social exchange distinguishes essential tremor and Parkinson's disease patients.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cholinergic Degeneration and Cognitive Function in Early GBA1-Related Parkinson's Disease.Annals of neurology · 2025Article
- Cholinergic System Changes in Dopa-Unresponsive Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Article
- Management of freezing of gait - mechanism-based practical recommendations.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Article
- Regional cerebral cholinergic vesicular transporter correlates of visual contrast sensitivity in Parkinson's disease: Implications for visual and cognitive function.Parkinsonism & related disorders · 2025Article
- Modulating the cholinergic system-Novel targets for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Dysfunction and degeneration of CNS cholinergic systems is a significant component of multi-system pathology in Parkinson's disease (PD). We review the basic architecture of human CNS cholinergic systems and the tools available for studying changes in human cholinergic systems. Earlier post-mortem studies implicated abnormalities of basal forebrain corticopetal cholinergic (BFCC) and pedunculopontine-laterodorsal tegmental (PPN-LDT) cholinergic projections in cognitive deficits and gait-balance deficits, respectively. Recent application of imaging methods, particularly molecular imaging, allowed more sophisticated correlation of clinical features with regional cholinergic deficits. BFCC projection deficits correlate with general and domain specific cognitive deficits, particularly for attentional and executive functions. Detailed analyses suggest that cholinergic deficits within the salience and cingulo-opercular task control networks, including both neocortical, thalamic, and striatal nodes, are a significant component of cognitive deficits in non-demented PD subjects. Both BFCC and PPN-LDT cholinergic projection systems, and striatal cholinergic interneuron (SChI), abnormalities are implicated in PD gait-balance disorders. In the context of experimental studies, these results indicate that disrupted attentional functions of BFCC and PPN-LDT cholinergic systems underlie impaired gait-balance functions. SChI dysfunction likely impairs intra-striatal integration of attentional and motor information. Thalamic and entorhinal cortex cholinergic deficits may impair multi-sensory integration. Overt degeneration of CNS systems may be preceded by increased activity of cholinergic neurons compensating for nigrostriatal dopaminergic deficits. Subsequent dysfunction and degeneration of cholinergic systems unmasks and exacerbates functional deficits secondary to dopaminergic denervation. Research on CNS cholinergic systems dysfunctions in PD requires a systems-level approach to understanding PD pathophysiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.