Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35248140›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2022

Temperature, season, and latitude influence development-related phenotypes of Philippine Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus): Implications for dengue control amidst global warming.

Frances Edillo, Rhoniel Ryan Ymbong, Alyssa Angel Bolneo, Ric Jacob Hernandez, Bianca Louise Fuentes, Garren Cortes, Joseph Cabrera, Jose Enrico Lazaro, Anavaj Sakuntabhai

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Targeting the vector of arbovirusesBeilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Stegomyia indices and pattern recognition ofSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Detection and quantification of naturalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024
    Article
  13. Observational
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Frances EdilloMosquito Research Laboratory, Biology Department, University of San Carlos-Talamban Campus, Cebu City, Philippines. feedillo@usc.edu.ph.
Rhoniel Ryan YmbongMosquito Research Laboratory, Biology Department, University of San Carlos-Talamban Campus, Cebu City, Philippines.
Alyssa Angel BolneoMosquito Research Laboratory, Biology Department, University of San Carlos-Talamban Campus, Cebu City, Philippines.
Ric Jacob HernandezMosquito Research Laboratory, Biology Department, University of San Carlos-Talamban Campus, Cebu City, Philippines.
Bianca Louise FuentesMosquito Research Laboratory, Biology Department, University of San Carlos-Talamban Campus, Cebu City, Philippines.
Garren CortesMosquito Research Laboratory, Biology Department, University of San Carlos-Talamban Campus, Cebu City, Philippines.
Joseph CabreraMosquito Research Laboratory, Biology Department, University of San Carlos-Talamban Campus, Cebu City, Philippines.
Jose Enrico LazaroNational Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
Anavaj SakuntabhaiFunctional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDengue is endemic in the Philippines. Aedes aegypti is the primary vector. This study aimed to determine the hatching behavior and viability of Ae. aegypti first-generation (F1) eggs when exposed to temperature and photoperiod regimes under laboratory conditions.

methodsParental eggs were collected from selected highland and lowland sites in the Philippine big islands (Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao) during the wet (2017-2018) and dry (2018) seasons. F1 egg cohorts were exposed separately in environmental chambers at 18, 25, and 38 °C with respective photoperiods for 6 weeks. Phenotypes (percent pharate larvae [PPL], hatch rates [HRs], and reproductive outputs [ROs]) were determined.

resultsResults of multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) between seasons showed significant main effects of temperature, season, and big island on all phenotypes across all sites. Significant interaction effects between seasons on all phenotypes across sites were shown between or among (1) season and big island, (2) season and temperature, (3) big island and temperature, (4) season, big island, and temperature, (5) big island, altitude, and temperature, and (6) season, big island, altitude, and temperature. Factors associated with the big islands might include their ecology, available breeding sites, and day lengths due to latitudinal differences, although they were not measured in the field. MANOVA results within each season on all phenotypes across sites showed (1) significant main effects of big island and temperature, and (2) significant interaction effects between big island and temperature within the wet season and (3) between temperature and photoperiod within the dry season. PPL were highest at 18 °C and were formed even at 38 °C in both seasons. Pharate larvae might play an adaptive role in global warming, expanded distribution to highlands, and preponderance to transmit human diseases. HRs in both seasons were highest at 25 °C and lowest at 38 °C. ROs were highest at 25 °C in the wet season and at 18 °C in the dry season.

conclusionsTemperature and latitude of Philippine big islands influenced the development-related phenotypes of Ae. aegypti in both seasons. The two seasons influenced the phenotypes and their interaction effects with big island and/or temperature and/or altitude. Recommendations include year-round enhanced 4S control strategies for mosquito vectors and water pipeline installation in rural highlands.

Indexed as

AedesDengueAnimalsGlobal WarmingHumansPhenotypePhilippinesSeasonsTemperatureAedes aegyptiDengueDevelopment-related phenotypeGlobal warmingHatching ratePharate larvaeReproductive output

Identifiers

PMID35248140
PMCPMC8898531

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.