ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022
Age-Related Changes in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome Are Associated With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection and Symptoms Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidance for prevention and management of COVID-19 in children and adolescents: A consensus statement from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society Pediatric COVID-19 Therapies Taskforce.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2024Pooled it
- Human microbiota dysbiosis after SARS-CoV-2 infection have the potential to predict disease prognosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- The impact of topical or oral antibiotics in children with acute otitis media on their middle ear, nasopharyngeal, and gut microbiomes.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Trial
- Nasal microbiome and phageome profiles are associated with prospective respiratory viral infection risk in school-age children.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Nasal Gene Expression in ART-Naive Adults with HIV and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Uganda.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Non-pharmaceutical interventions restructured the upper respiratory bacterial microbiota in children under 2 during COVID-19: implications for infection control strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 lineages and naso-oropharyngeal bacterial communities in COVID-19 reinfection: A study in West Java, Indonesia.Narra J · 2025Article
- Nasal microbionts differentially colonize and elicit cytokines in human nasal epithelial organoids.mSphere · 2025Article
- Respiratory microbiome alterations, coinfections and virus intra-host evolution in a persistently active SARS-CoV-2 infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Nasopharyngeal microbiome composition by SARS-CoV-2 presence and severity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical Features and Value of Tracheal Aspirate Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Severe Pneumonia in Children in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.Polish journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- The nasal microbiome modulates risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Identification of nasopharyngeal microbial dysbiosis in COVID-19 patients by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- The Human Nasal Microbiome: A Perspective Study During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Malta.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Understanding the influence of the microbiome on childhood infections.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2024Review
- Article
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of nasopharyngeal microbiota in COVID-19 patients with different disease severities.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Intracranial complications of sinogenic and otogenic infections in children: an ESPN survey on their occurrence in the pre-COVID and post-COVID era.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundChildren are less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and typically have milder illness courses than adults, but the factors underlying these age-associated differences are not well understood. The upper respiratory microbiome undergoes substantial shifts during childhood and is increasingly recognized to influence host defense against respiratory pathogens. Thus, we sought to identify upper respiratory microbiome features associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and illness severity.
methodsWe collected clinical data and nasopharyngeal swabs from 285 children, adolescents, and young adults (<21 years) with documented SARS-CoV-2 exposure. We used 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to characterize the nasopharyngeal microbiome and evaluated for age-adjusted associations between microbiome characteristics and SARS-CoV-2 infection status and respiratory symptoms.
resultsNasopharyngeal microbiome composition varied with age (PERMANOVA, P < .001; R2 = 0.06) and between SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with and without respiratory symptoms (PERMANOVA, P = .002; R2 = 0.009). SARS-CoV-2-infected participants with Corynebacterium/Dolosigranulum-dominant microbiome profiles were less likely to have respiratory symptoms than infected participants with other nasopharyngeal microbiome profiles (OR: .38; 95% CI: .18-.81). Using generalized joint attributed modeling, we identified 9 bacterial taxa associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 6 taxa differentially abundant among SARS-CoV-2-infected participants with respiratory symptoms; the magnitude of these associations was strongly influenced by age.
conclusionsWe identified interactive relationships between age and specific nasopharyngeal microbiome features that are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility and symptoms in children, adolescents, and young adults. Our data suggest that the upper respiratory microbiome may be a mechanism by which age influences SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and illness severity.
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