ArticleBMC public health2022
Association of China's two-child policy with changes in number of births and birth defects rate, 2008-2017.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the impact of China's universal two-child policy on infant health: evidence from a quasi-experimental study.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Impact of Different Maternal Age Subgroups on Pregnancy Adverse Outcomes in China: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Association between the serum uric acid-to-creatinine ratio index and the risk of preeclampsia in advanced maternal age pregnant women: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Relationship between prior pregnancy loss and subsequent adverse pregnancy outcomes in women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Urban-rural disparity in preterm neonatal mortality in China: a retrospective study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Reversing fertility decline in Japan with foreign pro-natalist policies, 1990-2035: a systematic review and secondary data analysis.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Association between interpregnancy interval and adverse perinatal outcomes according to maternal age in the context of China's two-child policy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Down syndrome burden in China and globally: a comparative analysis of 1990-2021 trends and future projections based on GBD 2021 database.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The incidence, characteristics, and complications of pregnant women who delivered stillbirths under different child policies in central China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal trends and geographic disparities in spatial accessibility to maternal and child health services in Nanning, China: impact of two-child policies.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- A reassessment of trends and rural-urban/regional differences in the total fertility rate in China, 2000-2020: analyses of the 2020 national census data.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The effect of gradually lifting the two-child policy on demographic changes in China.Health policy and planning · 2024Article
- Article
- The impact of China's universal two-child policy on total, preterm, and multiple births: a nationwide interrupted time-series analysis.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of Congenital Heart Defects in Perinatal Infants in Guangxi, China.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- The effect of China's many-child policy on the number of births and the prevalence of serious teratogenic and disabling defects in Hunan Province.BMC public health · 2023Observational
- The impact of COVID-19 on the intention of third-child in China: an empirical analysis based on survey data.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Epidemiology of birth defects based on a birth defects surveillance system in southwestern China and the associated risk factors.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn October 2015, China's one-child policy was universally replaced by a so-called two-child policy. This study investigated the association between the enactment of the new policy and changes in the number of births, and health-related birth outcomes.
methodsWe used difference-in-difference model to analyse the birth record data in Pudong New Area, Shanghai.The design is descriptive before-and-after comparative study.
resultsThe data covered three policy periods: the one-child policy period (January 2008 to November 2014); the partial two-child policy period (December 2014 to June 2016); the universal two-child policy period (July 2016 to December 2017). There was an estimate of 7656 additional births during the 18 months of the implementation of the universal two-child policy. The trend of monthly percentage of births to mothers aged ≥35 increased by 0.24 percentage points (95% confidence interval 0.19 to 0.28, p < 0.001) during the same period. Being a baby boy, preterm birth, low birth weight, parents with lower educational attainment, and assisted delivery were associated with a higher risk of birth defects.
conclusionsThe universal two-child policy was associated with an increase in the number of births and maternal age. Preterm birth, low birth weight, and assisted delivery were associated with a higher risk of birth defects, which suggested that these infants needed additional attention in the future.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.