ReviewPeriodontology 20002022
Maladaptive trained immunity and clonal hematopoiesis as potential mechanistic links between periodontitis and inflammatory comorbidities.
Review in Periodontology 2000, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of IL-17A rs2275913 allelic variation on periodontitis susceptibility: evidence from a meta-analysis.Odontology · 2026Pooled it
- C-type lectin receptors: bone remodeling and therapeutic potential.Bone research · 2026Review
- The Innate Immune Memory That Bites Back: How Periodontitis May Train Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming-Driven Cardiovascular Immune Damage: From Glyco-Lipotoxicity and Epigenetic Memory to Multidimensional Cross-Organ Communication Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Transient gingival inflammation is associated with epithelial dysfunction and systemic immune activation beyond clinical improvement.Journal of periodontology · 2026Article
- The Interplay Between Periodontitis and Atrial Fibrillation: Inflammation as a Common Pathophysiological Bridge.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Matrix Stiffness Governs Fibroblasts' Regulation of Gingival Immune Homeostasis.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Mediation of Systemic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Markers in the Association of Life's Crucial 9 with Periodontitis: Evidence from NHANES 2009-2014.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2026Article
- Review
- Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases: bridging the gap through mitochondrial dysfunction.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- Trained immunity as a systemic bridge: the liver-gut-immune-oral axis in the comorbidity of chronic liver disease and periodontitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Agent-specific training directs distinctive immune response againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Molecular cytokine-dependent mechanisms of periodontitis pathogenesis and the potential for pharmacological IL-1 modulation in disease treatment.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Review
- Functions of Macrophages in Periodontal Disease Progression and Gingival Tissue Homeostasis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Periodontitis and systemic diseases: insights into the correlation, mechanisms, and clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The oral-vascular axis: immune mechanisms linking periodontal dysbiosis to systemic vascular pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Association Between Periodontal Disease and Blood Biomarkers in U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Correlation between aging, periodontal diagnoses and systemic diseases: a retrospective analysis of 3,000 patients.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- [Role of Trained Immunity in the Association Between Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Periodontitis is bidirectionally associated with systemic inflammatory disorders. The prevalence and severity of this oral disease and linked comorbidities increases with aging. Here, we review two newly emerged concepts, trained innate immunity (TII) and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), which together support a potential hypothesis on how periodontitis affects and is affected by comorbidities and why the susceptibility to periodontitis and comorbidities increases with aging. Given that chronic diseases are largely triggered by the action of inflammatory immune cells, modulation of their bone marrow precursors, the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), may affect multiple disorders that emerge as comorbidities. Such alterations in HSPCs can be mediated by TII and/or CHIP, two non-mutually exclusive processes sharing a bias for enhanced myelopoiesis and production of innate immune cells with heightened proinflammatory potential. TII is a state of elevated immune responsiveness based on innate immune (epigenetic) memory. Systemic inflammation can initiate TII in the bone marrow via sustained rewiring of HSPCs, which thereby display a skewing toward the myeloid lineage, resulting in generation of hyper-reactive or "trained" myeloid cells. CHIP arises from aging-related somatic mutations in HSPCs, which confer a survival and proliferation advantage to the mutant HSPCs and give rise to an outsized fraction of hyper-inflammatory mutant myeloid cells in the circulation and tissues. This review discusses emerging evidence that supports the notion that TII and CHIP may underlie a causal and age-related association between periodontitis and comorbidities. A holistic mechanistic understanding of the periodontitis-systemic disease connection may offer novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for treating inflammatory comorbidities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.