ArticleKidney medicine2022
Dialysate Magnesium and Coronary Artery Calcification, Bone Mineral Density, and Cramping in Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Quasi-experimental Study.
Article in Kidney medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of magnesium on vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Renal failure · 2023Pooled it
- Magnesium supplementation did not reduce serum calciprotein crystallization and arterial stiffness in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Association between low magnesium status and new-onset dementia in the general population: a propensity score-matched cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Effects of Increasing the Concentration of Dialysate Magnesium on Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review.Canadian journal of kidney health and disease · 2026Review
- Assessment and management of magnesium and trace element status in children with CKD stages 2-5, on dialysis and post-transplantation: Clinical practice points from the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Magnesium and Fracture Risk in the General Population and Patients Receiving Dialysis: A Narrative Review.Canadian journal of kidney health and disease · 2023Review
- Patient-Reported Outcomes in Kidney Trials: Magnesium, Muscle Cramps, and PROMising Better Care for Kidney Patients.Kidney medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
RATIONALE &
objectiveRecent evidence suggests a role for magnesium as a calcification inhibitor. Increased magnesium abundance may attenuate vascular calcification and promote bone formation. STUDY
designParallel-group, 1:1-allocation-ratio, quasi-experimental study. SETTING &
participantsThe study was conducted at hemodialysis centers in Bangkok, Thailand. Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis were screened for coronary artery calcification (CAC) and bone mineral density (BMD), and those with a CAC score of ≥300 were included and matched according to the initial CAC score. The intervention and control groups consisted of 20 patients in each arm.
interventionsA high (1.75 mEq/L) or standard (0.7 mEq/L) dialysate magnesium concentration was delivered for 26 weeks. OUTCOMES: Changes in the CAC score and BMD and the progression of CAC. The safety outcomes included occurrence of cramps recorded as per usual care.
resultsThe median CAC score of all patients was 1,792. Serum and ionized magnesium concentrations increased substantially in the high dialysate magnesium group. At the end of the study, the CAC score increased significantly in both the groups, with no significant difference between the groups. The number of participants with CAC progression was comparable between the 2 groups. In exploratory subgroup analyses stratified by the median CAC score, a significant decline in CAC and fewer participants with CAC progression were observed in the subgroup with lower CAC scores that received the high dialysis magnesium concentration. Bone mineral density was largely unchanged in both groups. The number of participants experiencing cramps and the number of episodes of muscle cramps were markedly lower among patients who received the high dialysis magnesium concentration. LIMITATIONS: The participants had severe vascular calcification at baseline; therefore, the findings might not apply to those with less-established calcification. Moreover, cramps were not systematically ascertained.
conclusionsThe high dialysis magnesium concentration did not alleviate the progression of CAC or improve BMD in patients with severe calcification receiving hemodialysis; however, muscle cramps were less frequent among those treated with high dialysate magnesium. Further study is required to determine a possible favorable effect of high dialysis magnesium concentration in individuals with mild-to-moderate calcification.
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