ArticleInternational journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature2022
Geographic variation in the use of continuous outpatient inotrope infusion therapy and beta blockers.
Article in International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beta-blocker initiation under dobutamine infusion in acute advanced heart failure: a target trial emulation with observational data.European heart journal open · 2024Article
- The Mortality Benefit of Milrinone as a Continuous Outpatient Intravenous Inotrope Therapy in Advanced Heart Failure: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of heart failure · 2023Article
- Evolving Presentation of Cardiogenic Shock: A Review of the Medical Literature and Current Practices.Cardiology and therapy · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundContinuous outpatient inotrope infusion therapy (COIIT) can be used as palliative or interim treatment in patients with advanced heart failure (AHF). Despite widespread use, there is a relative lack of data informing best practices. This study aimed to examine whether patterns of COIIT use differed by region and to explore whether observed differences influenced clinical outcomes.
methodsRetrospective study of AHF patients receiving COIIT from May 2009 through June 2016. The primary outcome was regional difference, the secondary outcome was persistence (duration) on therapy. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios for treatment regimens.
resultsThere were 3,286 patients, mean (SD) age 61.9 (14.4) years and 74.0% (2,433) male. Inotrope selection and beta blocker use varied by region by chi square (χ2 (21) = 166.9, p < 0.001). Persistence was greater on milrinone compared to dobutamine (HR (for discontinuation) 0.54, CI 0.41-0.70, p < 0.001). Concurrent beta-blocker was associated with greater persistence for patients receiving milrinone (HR 0.13, CI 0.08-0.20, p < 0.001) and dobutamine (HR 0.36, CI 0.18-0.71, p < 0.001).
conclusionsPatterns of COIIT use varied by region, and variations in use were associated with differences in clinical outcomes.
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