ReviewJPRAS open2022
What are the likely causes of breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL)?
Review in JPRAS open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidental Bystander or Essential Culprit: A Systematic Review of Bacterial Significance in the Pathogenesis of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Silicone Breast Implants as a Model System for Understanding Polymer Permeation in Soft Materials In Vivo.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Microbial Contamination-Mediated Inflammation Is a Major Contributor of Breast Implant Complications: Prospective Analysis of 631 Samples.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Beyond the Surface: Deciphering the Role of Genetic Susceptibility in BIA-ALCL Pathogenesis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Unveiling the Controversy: A Literature Review on the Link Between Textured Implants and Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL).Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Polyurethane-coated silicone breast implants: A viable option for primary augmentation mammoplasty: A systematic review and technical considerations.JPRAS open · 2025Review
- Capsular Contracture After Breast Augmentation: Our Approach to Prevent Reoccurrence with Combined Total Capsulectomy and Implantation of Motiva Ergonomix® Implants.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Article
- Pro-Inflammatory Response to Macrotextured Silicone Implant Wear Debris.Tribology letters · 2025Article
- Silicone Loss During Histological Preparation of Breast Implant Tissue From Capsular Contracture, Quantified by Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy.Journal of biophotonics · 2025Article
- Clinical Evaluation of Microbial Communities and Associated Biofilms with Breast Augmentation Failure.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- The Problem of Diagnostic Criteria of Breast Implant Illness in Women After Breast Reconstruction: Review and Discussion of a Case.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Review
- Flow Cytometry Analysis in Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: Three Case Reports.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Biofilm-derived oxylipin 10-HOME mediated immune response in women with breast implants.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- Consulting the Digital Doctor: Google Versus ChatGPT as Sources of Information on Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma and Breast Implant Illness.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Article
- Comment on "BIA-ALCL: Comparing the Risk Profiles of Smooth and Textured Breast Implants".Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Article
- Oncological Outcomes After Multidisciplinary Management of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL).Annals of surgical oncology · 2023Article
- EBV-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in Association with Polyurethane Textured Breast Implants: Case Report and Literature Overview.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2023Review
- First Case Report of Breast Implant Associated-Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma from India: Are We Ready?Indian journal of plastic surgery : official publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India · 2023Article
- Complication Rates after Breast Surgery with the Motiva Smooth Silk Surface Silicone Gel Implants-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Role of Microorganisms in the Development of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a CD30-positive, anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative T-cell lymphoma. Where implant history is known, all confirmed cases to date have occurred in patients with exposure to textured implants. The etiopathogenesis of BIA-ALCL is likely to be multifactorial, with current evidence-based theories recognising the combination of chronic infection in setting of textured implants, gram-negative biofilm formation, chronic inflammation, host genetics (e.g. JAK/STAT, p53) and time in tumorigenesis. Proposed triggers for the development of malignancy are mechanical friction, silicone implant shell particulates, silicone leachables and bacteria. Of these, the bacterial hypothesis has received significant attention, supported by a plausible biological model. In this model, bacteria form an adherent biofilm in the favourable environment of the textured implant surface, producing a bacterial load that elicits a chronic inflammatory response. Bacterial antigens, primarily of gram-negative origin, may trigger innate immunity and induce T-cell proliferation with subsequent malignant transformation in genetically susceptible individuals. Future research, investigating BIA-ALCL genetic mutations and immunological modulation with Gram-negative biofilm in BIA-ALCL models is warranted to establish a unifying theory for the aetiology of BIA-ALCL.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.