ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Novel qEEG Biomarker to Distinguish Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis From Other Types of Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Movement disorders in cell surface antibody mediated autoimmune encephalitis: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence in central nervous system autoimmune diseases: from clinical decision support to mechanistic discovery and translation.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Multi-omics integration in autoimmune encephalitis: from novel biomarker discovery to precision therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Distributions and network changes of brain activity in the acute phase of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a MEG study.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Case report: Reversible brain atrophy with low titer anti-amphiphysin antibodies related to gastric adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Case report: Anti-Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- NMDAR autoantibodies in psychiatric disease - An immunopsychiatric continuum and potential predisposition for disease pathogenesis.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo establish the diagnostic biomarker of electroencephalogram (EEG) to distinguish between anti-
methodsWe reviewed the clinical records of 90 patients with acute encephalitis who were treated in our institution between January 2014 and October 2020. We enrolled the patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for possible AE (pAE) defined by Graus et al. (pAE criteria) and then classified into definite NMDARE and other AEs. We investigated the main syndrome and analyzed all admission EEGs using EEG power value (PV). Statistical significance was tested using the Mann-Whitney
resultsTwenty-five patients fulfilled the pAE criteria and were classified into 9 with definite NMDARE (median age: 21 years; 8 women) and 12 with other AEs (median age: 37.5 years; 6 women). Four were eventually excluded. Speech dysfunction (9/9 vs. 4/12,
conclusionsThe NMDARE group highlighted speech dysfunction and movement disorders, and a novel qEEG index FSR accurately distinguished the NMDARE patients from other AEs. The FSR is a promising diagnostic marker for NMDARE that indicates the positive results of NMDAR antibodies in patients with AE when combined with the proNMDARE criteria.
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