Trial reportExperimental gerontology2022
Challenges in defining successful adherence to calorie restriction goals in humans: Results from CALERIE™ 2.
Trial report in Experimental gerontology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet quality and nutritional adequacy during a 2-year calorie restriction intervention: the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy 2 trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Intervening on Calorie Intake or Eating Timing in Older Adults: Lessons Learned in the Healthy Aging and Late-Life Outcomes Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Trial
- Effect of long-term caloric restriction on telomere length in healthy adults: CALERIE™ 2 trial analysis.Aging cell · 2024Trial
- The Personalized Nutrition Study (POINTS): evaluation of a genetically informed weight loss approach, a Randomized Clinical Trial.Nature communications · 2023Trial
- Rationale and Design of Traditional and Adaptive Calorie Restriction and Time-Restricted Eating Interventions Used in the Dietary Approaches to Longevity and Health (DiAL Health) Pilot Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Calorie Restriction Leads to Degradation of Mutant Uromodulin and Ameliorates Inflammation and Fibrosis in UMOD -Related Kidney Disease.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Metabolic regulation of behavior by the intestinal enzyme FMO-2.Science advances · 2025Article
- The Health, Aging, and Later-Life Outcomes Pilot Study: Design, recruitment, and participants' baseline characteristics.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- The effect of a leptin phenotype on weight change and energy expenditure responses to acute and prolonged energetic stressors.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Exploring Gender Differences in the Effects of Diet and Physical Activity on Metabolic Parameters.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Short-term caloric restriction or resveratrol supplementation alters large-scale brain network connectivity in male and female rats.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Sulforaphane acutely activates multiple starvation response pathways.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE™) phase 2 trial tested the effects of two years of 25% calorie restriction (CR) on aging in humans. CALERIE 2 was one of the first studies to use a graph of predicted weight loss to: 1) provide a proxy of dietary adherence, and 2) promote dietary adherence. Assuming 25% CR, each participant's weight over time was predicted, with upper and lower bounds around predicted weights. Thus, the resulting weight graph included a zone or range of body weights that reflected adherence to 25% CR, and this was named the zone of adherence. Participants were considered adherent if their weight was in this zone. It is unlikely, however, that the entire zone reflects 25% CR.
objectivesTo determine the level of CR associated with the zone of adherence and if the level of CR achieved by participants was within the zone.
methodsPercent CR associated with the upper and lower bounds of the zone were determined via the Body Weight Planner (https://www.niddk.nih.gov/bwp) for participants in the CALERIE 2 CR group (N = 143). Percent CR achieved by participants was estimated with the intake-balance method.
resultsAt month 24, the zone of adherence ranged from 10.4(0.0)% to 19.4(0.0)% CR [Mean(SEM)], and participants achieved 11.9(0.7)% CR and were in the zone.
conclusionThe results highlight the challenges of: 1) setting a single CR goal vs. a range of acceptable values, and 2) obtaining real-time and valid measures of CR adherence to facilitate adherence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.