Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35238868›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2022

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Affects Lacrimal Gland Function.

Shaopan Wang, Xin He, Qingmin Li, Yuhan Zhang, Jiaoyue Hu, Rongrong Zong, Jingyi Zhuang, Andrew J Quantock, Yingying Gao, Wei Li and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Fenofibrate in ophthalmology: therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Shaopan WangEye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Xin HeEye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Qingmin LiDepartment of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
Yuhan ZhangEye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Jiaoyue HuEye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Rongrong ZongEye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Jingyi ZhuangDepartment of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Andrew J QuantockSchool of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.
Yingying GaoDepartment of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
Wei LiEye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Zuguo LiuEye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Xiamen University · CNSecond Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University · CNCardiff University · GBFirst Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo determine the effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) on lacrimal gland function and its mechanism.

methodsMale mice aged seven to eight weeks were housed in cages with cyclic intermittent hypoxia to mimic OSA, and the control group was kept in a normal environment. Slit-lamp observation, fluorescein staining, and corneal sensitivity detection are used to assess cornea changes. Tear secretion was detected by phenol red cotton thread, and the pathological changes of lacrimal gland were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, oil red O staining, cholesterol and triglyceride kits, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemical staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction, transmission electron microscopy, and Western blot.

resultsStudies revealed a decreased tear secretion, corneal epithelial defects and corneal hypersensitivity. Myoepithelial cell damage, abnormal lipid accumulation, reduced cell proliferation, increased apoptosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lacrimal gland were also seen. Hifα and NF-κB signaling pathways, moreover, were activated, while Pparα was downregulated, in the lacrimal glands of OSA mice. Fenofibrate treatment significantly alleviated pathological changes of the lacrimal gland induced by OSA.

conclusionOSA disturbs the Hifα/Pparα/NF-κB signaling axis, which affects lacrimal gland structure and function and induces dry eye.

Indexed as

Dry Eye SyndromesLacrimal ApparatusSleep Apnea, ObstructiveAnimalsMaleMiceNF-kappa BPPAR alphaTearsNF-kappa BPPAR alpha

Identifiers

PMID35238868
PMCPMC8899859
OpenAlexW4214889555

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.