ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021
Geographic Pattern of Typhoid Fever in India: A Model-Based Estimate of Cohort and Surveillance Data.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review on the laboratory methodology for conducting wastewater and environmental surveillance forFrontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Economic burden of typhoid fever by antimicrobial resistance in India: a modelling study 2023.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Article
- Persistent Multidrug-ResistantCase reports in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Burden of typhoid fever and antimicrobial resistance in India (2023): a modelling study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial susceptibility trends of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi in a post-COVID-19 pandemic India, from a multicenter surveillance network.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Research priorities to support typhoid conjugate vaccine decision-making in India: evidence assessment and stakeholder survey.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Typhoid conjugate vaccine implementation in India: A review of supportive evidence.Vaccine: X · 2024Review
- High carriage and possible hidden spread of multidrug-resistant Salmonella among asymptomatic workers in Yulin, China.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Typhoid & paratyphoid vaccine development in the laboratory: a review & in-country experience.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Review
- Lower gastrointestinal bleeding as a complication of enteric fever: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2024Article
- Assessing the global risk of typhoid outbreaks caused by extensively drug resistant Salmonella Typhi.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Increasing antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates across the Indian subcontinent: Is our response to this threat satisfactory?Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Typhoid in India: An Age-old Problem With an Existing Solution.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Comparison of Strategies for Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine Introduction in India: A Cost-Effectiveness Modeling Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
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12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTyphoid fever remains a major public health problem in India. Recently, the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in India program completed a multisite surveillance study. However, data on subnational variation in typhoid fever are needed to guide the introduction of the new typhoid conjugate vaccine in India.
methodsWe applied a geospatial statistical model to estimate typhoid fever incidence across India, using data from 4 cohort studies and 6 hybrid surveillance sites from October 2017 to March 2020. We collected geocoded data from the Demographic and Health Survey in India as predictors of typhoid fever incidence. We used a log linear regression model to predict a primary outcome of typhoid incidence.
resultsWe estimated a national incidence of typhoid fever in India of 360 cases (95% confidence interval [CI], 297-494) per 100 000 person-years, with an annual estimate of 4.5 million cases (95% CI, 3.7-6.1 million) and 8930 deaths (95% CI, 7360-12 260), assuming a 0.2% case-fatality rate. We found substantial geographic variation of typhoid incidence across the country, with higher incidence in southwestern states and urban centers in the north.
conclusionsThere is a large burden of typhoid fever in India with substantial heterogeneity across the country, with higher burden in urban centers.
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