Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35238361›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021

Typhoid in India: An Age-old Problem With an Existing Solution.

Supriya Kumar, Raj Shankar Ghosh, Harish Iyer, Arindam Ray, Kirsten Vannice, Calman MacLennan, Tanya Shewchuk, Duncan Steele

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Antibacterial Activity, Phytochemical AnalysisIndian journal of microbiology · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Supriya KumarEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Raj Shankar GhoshIndia Country Office, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, New Delhi, India.
Harish IyerIndia Country Office, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, New Delhi, India.
Arindam RayIndia Country Office, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, New Delhi, India.
Kirsten VanniceEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Calman MacLennanEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Tanya ShewchukGlobal Delivery Program, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Duncan SteeleEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation · US

Funding

Christian Medical College Vellore Association
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enteric fever continues to impact millions of people who lack adequate access to clean water and sanitation. The typhoid and paratyphoid fever burden in South Asia is broadly acknowledged, but current estimates of incidence, severity, and cost of illness from India are lacking. This supplement addresses this gap in our knowledge, presenting findings from two years of surveillance, conducted at multiple sites between October 2017 and February 2020, in the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in India (SEFI) network. Results provide contemporaneous evidence of high disease burden and cost of illness-the latter borne largely by patients in the absence of universal healthcare coverage in India. Against a backdrop of immediate priorities in the COVID-19 pandemic, these data are a reminder that typhoid, though often forgotten, remains a public health problem in India. Typhoid conjugate vaccines, produced by multiple Indian manufacturers, and recommended for use in high burden settings, ensure that the tools to tackle typhoid are an immediately available solution to this public health problem.

Indexed as

COVID-19Typhoid FeverTyphoid-Paratyphoid VaccinesHumansIndiaPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Vaccines, ConjugateTyphoid-Paratyphoid VaccinesVaccines, Conjugatecost of illnessIndiaTCVtyphoid

Identifiers

PMID35238361
PMCPMC8892544
OpenAlexW3217785906

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.