ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Practices in Urban Slums of Eastern India.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Urban Poor in Low- and Middle-Income Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic through a Gendered Lens.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Great strides, yet a long way to go: a comparative analysis of WASH conditions and associated sociodemographic factors from national hygiene surveys, 2014 and 2018.Global health action · 2026Article
- Dynamic Changes and Future Trend Forecasts in the Global Burden of Guillain-Barré Syndrome: Analysis of 204 Countries and Regions From 1990 to 2021, Including the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Observational
- Analyzing the health impact of substandard housing environment and access to water, sanitation and hygiene in India.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Water, sanitation, and hygiene challenges and disease burden in eastern India.Journal of water and health · 2025Article
- Perceived Causes of Illness Among Infants and Young Children in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Well-Being of Slum Dwellers Are Associated With WaSH-Related Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study From India.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Identifying clustering of cholera cases using geospatial analysis in Kolkata and surrounding districts: data from patients at tertiary care referral hospitals.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- Social and physical environment effects on toileting disability among older adults in India.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Examining toilet use and menstrual hygiene practices among beneficiary households of Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan (Clean India Mission) in rural areas of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Assessment of water, hygiene, and sanitation practice and associated factors among Bihari refugee camp in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Qualitative exploration for the under-foot fall in utilization of health services at Primary Health Center of Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) practices among residents of different slum settlements in a ward of Kolkata: A mixed-methods study.Journal of education and health promotion · 2024Article
- Changing Water-Sanitation Determinants of Cholera over Two Decades in Bangladesh.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Article
- Assessment of sanitation and drinking water facilities among slum households in Bhubaneswar, Odisha - A cross-sectional study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Article
- Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Practices Among Households in Perambalur District: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Sustainable Development Goals identified universal access to water and sanitation facilities as key components for improving health. We assessed water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices and associated determinants among residents of urban slums in Kolkata, India.
methodsInformation on WASH practices was collected in 2 surveys (2018 and 2019) from participants of a prospective enteric fever surveillance conducted in 2 municipal wards of Kolkata. A composite WASH practice score was computed and a hierarchical stepwise multiple linear regression model constructed to identify key determinants of improved WASH score.
resultsOver 90% of households had access to piped water; 6% reported access to continuous supply. Adult women (61% in 2018; 45% in 2019) spent 20 minutes daily to fetch water. Access to improved latrines was almost universal, although 80% used shared facilities. Unhealthy disposal of children's stools was reported in both rounds. Food hygiene practices were high, with most (>90%) washing uncooked items before eating; frequent consumption of street food items was reported.
conclusionsThe study area reported high WASH coverage. Unhygienic behavioral patterns predisposing to food- or water-borne diseases were also noted. Awareness building and sustainable community mobilization for food hygiene needs to be emphasized to ensure community well-being.
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