ArticlePLoS pathogens2022
Kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) broadly inhibits viral infections via triggering NMDAR/Ca2+ influx and CaMKII/ IRF3-mediated IFN-β production.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise-induced adaptations in the kynurenine pathway: implications for health and disease management.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The role of the kynurenine pathway in the pathogenesis of pain and affective disorders after traumatic brain injury.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Integration of bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq reveals cell subsets and gene signatures associated with Glaesserella parasuis infection.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- IL-19 Modulates Antiviral Immunity and Inflammation via IL-20RB/STAT3/TRIM22 Signaling Pathway.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Quinolinic acid as trigger/biomarker of dysosmia/dysgeusia in patients with acute coronavirus disease 2019: A retrospective case-control study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Systematic evaluation of HSV-1 Δ34.5Δ47 as a dual-function platform for attenuated HSV-1 vaccine and heterologous antigen delivery.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- The kynurenine pathway in RNA virus infection: immunometabolic control of antiviral defense and viral persistence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Niacin, an active form of vitamin B3, exerts antiviral function by recruiting β-arrestin through GPR109A to activate the phosphorylation of ERK and STAT1 axis.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis identifies host response mechanisms to oncogenic Marek's disease virus in Wenchang chickens.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Kmo restricts Salmonella in a whole organism infection model by promoting macrophage lysosomal acidification through kainate receptor antagonism.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Exploring the Causal Effects of Micronutrient Supplementation on Susceptibility to Viral Pneumonia: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- A Transcriptional Analysis of Cattle Immune Cells Reveals a Central Role of Type 1 Interferon in the In Vitro Innate Immune Response againstPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The kynurenine pathway relates to post-acute COVID-19 objective cognitive impairment and PASC.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2023Article
- Glucocorticoid Hormones as Modulators of the Kynurenine Pathway in Chronic Pain Conditions.Cells · 2023Review
- IFN-Inducible SerpinA5 Triggers Antiviral Immunity by Regulating STAT1 Phosphorylation and Nuclear Translocation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- What role for cellular metabolism in the control of hepatitis viruses?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) is well known to play a critical function in cancer, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. However, its role in host-pathogen interactions has not been characterized yet. Herein, we identified that kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO), a key rate-limiting enzyme in the KP, and quinolinic acid (QUIN), a key enzymatic product of KMO enzyme, exerted a novel antiviral function against a broad range of viruses. Mechanistically, QUIN induced the production of type I interferon (IFN-I) via activating the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and Ca2+ influx to activate Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)/interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Importantly, QUIN treatment effectively inhibited viral infections and alleviated disease progression in mice. Furthermore, kmo-/- mice were vulnerable to pathogenic viral challenge with severe clinical symptoms. Collectively, our results demonstrated that KMO and its enzymatic product QUIN were potential therapeutics against emerging pathogenic viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.