Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35234132›Full record

ArticleActa orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica2022

Comparison of efficacy of Oral versus Intra-articular Corticosteroid Application in the treatment of Frozen Shoulder: An experimental study in rats.

Bekir Murat Çınar, Vahit Erdal Battal, Nebil Bal, Ümit Özgür Güler, Salih Beyaz

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Evaluation of the Antifibrotic and Functional Effects of Pirfenidone in an Experimental Frozen Shoulder Model.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Rat models of frozen shoulder: Classification and evaluation.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bekir Murat ÇınarDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Başkent University, Adana Training and Research Center, Adana, Turkey.
Vahit Erdal BattalDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Başkent University, Adana Training and Research Center, Adana, Turkey.
Nebil BalDepartment of Pathology, Başkent University, Adana Training and Research Center, Adana, Turkey.
Ümit Özgür GülerDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Başkent University, Adana Training and Research Center, Adana, Turkey.
Salih BeyazDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Başkent University, Adana Training and Research Center, Adana, Turkey.
Başkent University · TR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study was to compare clinical and histopathological effects of oral versus intraarticular corticosteroid application in a rat model of frozen shoulder.

methodsIn this study, eighty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The animals were divided into 5 equal groups. The frozen shoulder model was created by immobilizing animals' shoulders with internal fixation with sutures for 8 weeks. At the 8th week, sham (n: 16) and control (n: 16) groups were sacrificed to collect data for healthy and affected shoulders. Also, at the 8th week, 50 mg/ kg methylprednisolone was started for the oral treatment group, and a single dose of 0.5 mg/kg triamcinolone acetonide was injected for the intraarticular treatment group. The effect of additional steroid treatment was expected for 2 weeks, then all remaining treatment and natural course groups were sacrificed on the 10th week.

resultsAfter sacrification, specimens taken as "en bloc" scapulothoracic disarticulation were randomly divided into two groups for a range of motion measurement and histopathological examination. The control (frozen shoulder model) group's shoulder range of motion in all directions was lower than the sham (healthy) group (P < 0.01). Natural course and intraarticular steroid groups, compared to the frozen shoulder model showed a significant increase in the direction of abduction (P < 0.05). Also, it was found for treatment groups that in all directions the range of motion was not as good as the healthy values (P < 0.01). The intraarticular treatment group showed higher degrees of abduction compared to the natural course and oral steroid treatment groups (P < 0.01). Oral steroid treatment group's range of motion was not significantly better than the disease model and had no superiority to the natural course group (P > 0.05). Histopathologically, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups for signs of frozen shoulder which was found in the immobilized group (P > 0.05). Histopathologically, immobilization was found to cause thickening of the capsule that cannot be resolved by treatment. (P < 0.05).

conclusionIn frozen shoulder disease, intraarticular steroid injection seems to be superior in increasing the range of motion than oral steroid treatment.

Indexed as

BursitisShoulder JointAdrenal Cortex HormonesAnimalsInjections, Intra-ArticularRange of Motion, ArticularRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyTreatment OutcomeTriamcinolone AcetonideAdrenal Cortex HormonesTriamcinolone Acetonide

Identifiers

PMID35234132
PMCPMC12516521
OpenAlexW4213209685

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.