Observational studyBMJ open2022
Characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among adults aged 50 years and above in England (8 December 2020-17 May 2021): a population-level observational study.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Delayed access to COVID-19 vaccination among migrants in Spain during 2021: an electronic health records-based study.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- Correcting for the Inflated Adult Population Denominator in an English Nationwide Health Care Cohort: Database Analysis Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Did COVID-19 surveillance system sensitivity change after Omicron? a retrospective observational study in England.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Skåne county, Sweden, in relation to individual-level and area-level sociodemographic factors: a register-based cross-sectional analysis.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in adolescents: a national cross-sectional study, August 2021-January 2022, England.BMJ open · 2023Observational
- Thrombocytopenic, thromboembolic and haemorrhagic events following second dose with BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1: self-controlled case series analysis of the English national sentinel cohort.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2023Article
- Within-Country Inequality in COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage: A Scoping Review of Academic Literature.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Compliant citizens, defiant rebels or neither? Exploring change and complexity in COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and decisions in Bradford, UK: Findings from a follow-up qualitative study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2023Article
- Effects of Second Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination on Household Transmission, England.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Access to Vaccination among Disadvantaged, Isolated and Difficult-to-Reach Communities in the WHO European Region: A Systematic Review.Vaccines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine coverage among individuals aged 50 years and above in England since the beginning of the programme.
designObservational cross-sectional study assessed by logistic regression and mean prevalence margins.
settingCOVID-19 vaccinations delivered in England from 8 December 2020 to 17 May 2021.
participants30 624 257/61 967 781 (49.4%) and 17 360 045/61 967 781 (28.1%) individuals in England were recorded as vaccinated in the National Immunisation Management System with a first dose and a second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, respectively.
interventionsVaccination status with COVID-19 vaccinations.
main outcome measuresProportion, adjusted ORs and mean prevalence margins for individuals not vaccinated with dose 1 among those aged 50-69 years and dose 1 and 2 among those aged 70 years and above.
resultsOf individuals aged 50 years and above, black/African/Caribbean ethnic group was the least likely of all ethnic groups to be vaccinated with dose 1 of the COVID-19 vaccine. However, of those aged 70 years and above, the odds of not having dose 2 was 5.53 (95% CI 5.42 to 5.63) and 5.36 (95% CI 5.29 to 5.43) greater among Pakistani and black/African/Caribbean compared with white British ethnicity, respectively. The odds of not receiving dose 2 was 1.18 (95% CI 1.16 to 1.20) higher among individuals who lived in a care home compared with those who did not. This was the opposite to that observed for dose 1, where the odds of being unvaccinated was significantly higher among those not living in a care home (0.89 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.91)).
conclusionsWe found that there are characteristics associated with low COVID-19 vaccine coverage. Inequalities, such as ethnicity are a major contributor to suboptimal coverage and tailored interventions are required to improve coverage and protect the population from SARS-CoV-2.
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