Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35229404›Full record

Trial reportHealth economics2022

Mapping between EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L: A survey experiment on the validity of multi-instrument data.

Mónica Hernández-Alava, Stephen Pudney

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Health economics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. BMJ open respiratory research · 2026
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  6. Mapping EQ-5D-5L Utilities in Dementia: Integrating Self and Proxy Reports.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Mónica Hernández-AlavaSchool of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4474-5883
Stephen PudneySchool of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5697-0976

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

EQ-5D is a 5-item questionnaire instrument designed to measure health-related quality of life. It is extremely important, since it is used to measure health benefits in many studies providing evidence for reimbursement decisions by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in England and similar policy bodies in other countries. EQ-5D has been redesigned in a more detailed form (EQ-5D-5L), but much existing cost-effectiveness evidence is based on the older version (EQ-5D-3L). Statistical mapping from one version to another is widely used, exploiting data from multi-instrument surveys incorporating both variants. However, little is known about the robustness of data from such multi-instrument surveys. We design a randomized experiment to investigate whether inclusion of both versions at different stages in a single interview gives a reliable picture of the relationship between health measures from the two instruments and embed it in individual interviews from the UK Understanding Society household panel. We find that sequencing of the two versions of EQ-5D within an interview has a significant impact not only on the resulting data but also on the estimated mapping models. We illustrate the non-negligible effects in two real-world cost-effectiveness examples and discuss the implications for future multi-instrument survey design.

Indexed as

Health StatusQuality of LifeHumansPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesEQ-5Dmappingrandomised experimentsurvey reportingUKHLS

Identifiers

PMID35229404
PMCPMC9303872

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.