Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35229074›Full record

ArticleJMIR infodemiology

Understanding the #longCOVID and #longhaulers Conversation on Twitter: Multimethod Study.

Sara Santarossa, Ashley Rapp, Saily Sardinas, Janine Hussein, Alex Ramirez, Andrea E Cassidy-Bushrow, Philip Cheng, Eunice Yu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR infodemiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sara SantarossaDepartment of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System Detroit, MI United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3038-4976
Ashley RappDepartment of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System Detroit, MI United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8119-1448
Saily SardinasDepartment of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System Detroit, MI United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9178-3212
Janine HusseinDepartment of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System Detroit, MI United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7693-4809
Alex RamirezDepartment of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System Detroit, MI United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-4616
Andrea E Cassidy-BushrowDepartment of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System Detroit, MI United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-4448
Philip ChengSleep Disorders and Research Center Henry Ford Health System Detroit, MI United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2874-658X
Eunice YuHenry Ford Medical Group Henry Ford Health System Detroit, MI United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4743-2367

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe scientific community is just beginning to uncover the potential long-term effects of COVID-19, and one way to start gathering information is by examining the present discourse on the topic. The conversation about long COVID-19 on Twitter provides insight into related public perception and personal experiences.

objectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the #longCOVID and #longhaulers conversations on Twitter by examining the combined effects of topic discussion and social network analysis for discovery on long COVID-19.

methodsA multipronged approach was used to analyze data (N=2500 records from Twitter) about long COVID-19 and from people experiencing long COVID-19. A text analysis was performed by both human coders and Netlytic, a cloud-based text and social networks analyzer. The social network analysis generated Name and Chain networks that showed connections and interactions between Twitter users.

resultsAmong the 2010 tweets about long COVID-19 and 490 tweets by COVID-19 long haulers, 30,923 and 7817 unique words were found, respectively. For both conversation types, "#longcovid" and "covid" were the most frequently mentioned words; however, through visually inspecting the data, words relevant to having long COVID-19 (ie, symptoms, fatigue, pain) were more prominent in tweets by COVID-19 long haulers. When discussing long COVID-19, the most prominent frames were "support" (1090/1931, 56.45%) and "research" (435/1931, 22.53%). In COVID-19 long haulers conversations, "symptoms" (297/483, 61.5%) and "building a community" (152/483, 31.5%) were the most prominent frames. The social network analysis revealed that for both tweets about long COVID-19 and tweets by COVID-19 long haulers, networks are highly decentralized, fragmented, and loosely connected.

conclusionsThis study provides a glimpse into the ways long COVID-19 is framed by social network users. Understanding these perspectives may help generate future patient-centered research questions.

Indexed as

communicationCOVID-19experienceinsightlong termPASCpatient-centeredpatient-centered careperceptionpostacute sequela of COVID-19social mediasocial network analysissymptomTwitter

Identifiers

PMID35229074
PMCPMC8867393

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.